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ADP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + ADP
alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-D-galactose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-D-mannose + phosphate
alpha-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-L-galactose + phosphate
alpha-L-gulose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-beta-L-gulose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-galactose + phosphate
alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP
-
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-galactose + phosphate
GDP + alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-D-mannose + phosphate
alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
GDP-beta-L-galactose + phosphate
GDP + beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate
GDP-beta-L-gulose + phosphate
alpha-L-gulose 1-phosphate + GDP
-
-
-
r
UDP-alpha-D-galactose + phosphate
alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP
UDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP
additional information
?
-
ADP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + ADP
0.1% of the activity with GDP-L-galactose
-
-
r
ADP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + ADP
0.4% of the activity with GDP-L-galactose
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-D-mannose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-D-mannose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
alpha-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-L-galactose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
alpha-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-L-galactose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
alpha-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP
GDP-alpha-L-galactose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP
-
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP
-
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-mannose + phosphate
alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate + GDP
-
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-mannose + phosphate
alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate + GDP
-
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-mannose + phosphate
alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate + GDP
0.1% of the activity with GDP-L-galactose
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-mannose + phosphate
alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate + GDP
3.7% of the activity with GDP-L-galactose
-
-
r
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-beta-L-galactose + phosphate
GDP + beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
r
GDP-beta-L-galactose + phosphate
GDP + beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate
preferred substrate
-
-
r
GDP-beta-L-galactose + phosphate
GDP + beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate
enzyme guanylylates a conserved active site His residue with GDP-L-galactose, forming L-galactose 1-phosphate for vitamin C synthesis, and regeneration of the enzyme with phosphate to form GDP
-
-
r
GDP-beta-L-galactose + phosphate
GDP + beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate
reaction proceeds through a covalent guanylated histidine residue within the histidine triad motif
-
-
r
UDP-alpha-D-galactose + phosphate
alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP
0.1% of the activity with GDP-L-galactose
-
-
r
UDP-alpha-D-galactose + phosphate
alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP
0.2% of the activity with GDP-L-galactose
-
-
r
UDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP
0.3% of the activity with GDP-L-galactose
-
-
r
UDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP
2.1% of the activity with GDP-L-galactose
-
-
r
additional information
?
-
no substrates: UDP-alpha-D-glucose, UDP-alpha-D-galactose, or ADP-alpha-D-glucose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrates: UDP-alpha-D-glucose, UDP-alpha-D-galactose, or ADP-alpha-D-glucose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
poor reactivity of hexose 1-phosphates as acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
poor reactivity of hexose 1-phosphates as acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
poor reactivity of hexose 1-phosphates as acceptors
-
-
?
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GDP-alpha-D-glucose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
GDP-beta-L-galactose + phosphate
GDP + beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate
enzyme guanylylates a conserved active site His residue with GDP-L-galactose, forming L-galactose 1-phosphate for vitamin C synthesis, and regeneration of the enzyme with phosphate to form GDP
-
-
r
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-alpha-D-glucose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate
beta-L-galactose 1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose
-
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
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malfunction
-
antisense transgenic tomato plants with about 50% decrease in ascorbate (AsA) content are obtained in order to investigate the role of GGP against chilling stress. The suppression of SlGGP could decrease ascorbate levels and enhance plant sensitivity to chilling stress-induced oxidative stresses
malfunction
ascorbate concentrations are negligible in both null segregant (NS) and 35S-OsGGP brown rice (BR, unpolished grain), but significantly increased in 35S-OsGGP germinated brown rice (GBR) relative to NS. Foliar ascorbate concentrations are significantly increased in 35S-OsGGP plants in the vegetative growth phase relative to NS, but significantly reduced at the reproductive growth phase and are associated with reduced OsGGP transcript levels. The 35S-OsGGP plants do not display altered salt tolerance at the vegetative growth phase despite having elevated ascorbate concentrations
malfunction
deficiency of GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase reduces tomato fruit yield, the whole fruit biomass accumulation is reduced in mutant lines. The SlGGP1 mutants display decreased concentrations of ascorbate in roots, leaves, flowers, and fruit. The initiation of anthesis is delayed in ggp1 plants but the number of flowers is similar to wild type. The number of fruits is reduced in ggp1 mutants with an increased individual weight. Ethylene production is higher in the mutant lines than wild-type fruit at the breaker and red stages. Effects of source-sink manipulation on fruit yield characteristics, overview
malfunction
the VTC2 amiRNA lines grow more slowly, have lower chlorophyll content, and are more susceptible to stress than the control strains. Ascorbate concentrations in VTC2 amiRNA lines are reduced to 10% of wild-type level. In the VTC2 amiRNA lines, the mRNA abundances of APX1 and DHAR1, the main chloroplastic forms, are about 40% lower than in the EV2 control
malfunction
-
the VTC2 amiRNA lines grow more slowly, have lower chlorophyll content, and are more susceptible to stress than the control strains. Ascorbate concentrations in VTC2 amiRNA lines are reduced to 10% of wild-type level. In the VTC2 amiRNA lines, the mRNA abundances of APX1 and DHAR1, the main chloroplastic forms, are about 40% lower than in the EV2 control
-
metabolism
Chlamydomonas VTC2 lacks negative feedback regulation by ascorbate in the physiological concentration range. Ascorbate biosynthesis is also highly regulated in Chlamydomonas albeit via mechanisms distinct from those described in land plants. Dependence of Asc biosynthesis on the photosynthetic electron transport chain
metabolism
GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) catalyzes the first step committed to ascorbic acid synthesis. The ascorbate biosynthetic pathway critically participates in tomato development and fruit production
metabolism
GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase is the rate-limiting enzyme of the L-galactose pathway
metabolism
-
Chlamydomonas VTC2 lacks negative feedback regulation by ascorbate in the physiological concentration range. Ascorbate biosynthesis is also highly regulated in Chlamydomonas albeit via mechanisms distinct from those described in land plants. Dependence of Asc biosynthesis on the photosynthetic electron transport chain
-
physiological function
-
GGP has a critical role in modulating ascorbate concentrations in kiwifruit species under abiotic stresses
physiological function
GGP has a critical role in modulating ascorbate concentrations in kiwifruit species under abiotic stresses
physiological function
transgenic tobbacco plants expressing GGP and subjected to chilling stress accumulate less H2O2, demonstrate lower levels of ion leakage and malondialdehyde, and acquire higher net photosynthetic rate, higher maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, and higher D1 protein content compared with the wild-type plants. The transgenic plants subjected to chilling stress also show higher GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase activity, increased ascorbate content as well as ascorbate peroxidase and oxidizable P700 activities than wild-type plants
physiological function
upregulating the expression of VTC in cultivar Baihe-35-1 results in a gradual increase in the ascorbic acid concentration of leaves inoculated with Erysiphe necator
physiological function
GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase is required for ascorbic acid synthesis. Participation of GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase and ascorbate in tomato fruit production and quality
physiological function
GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase plays a pivotal role in ascorbate biosynthesis. In contrast to plants, there is no circadian regulation of ascorbate biosynthesis, photosynthesis is not required per se for ascorbate biosynthesis, and Chlamydomonas VTC2 lacks negative feedback regulation by ascorbate in the physiological concentration range
physiological function
-
upregulating the expression of VTC in cultivar Baihe-35-1 results in a gradual increase in the ascorbic acid concentration of leaves inoculated with Erysiphe necator
-
physiological function
-
GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase plays a pivotal role in ascorbate biosynthesis. In contrast to plants, there is no circadian regulation of ascorbate biosynthesis, photosynthesis is not required per se for ascorbate biosynthesis, and Chlamydomonas VTC2 lacks negative feedback regulation by ascorbate in the physiological concentration range
-
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GGAP1_ARATH
442
0
48970
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
GGAP2_ARATH
431
0
48316
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A7U3NWE6_ALLPO
424
0
47607
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A7U3S429_ALLPO
424
0
47623
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A072V6W1_MEDTR
428
0
47864
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A7U3NWE1_ALLPO
424
0
47607
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A5B6YZC4_DAVIN
361
0
40564
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A7U3NWE0_ALLPO
424
0
47591
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A5B7BTN6_DAVIN
104
0
11829
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A2I0APR9_9ASPA
430
0
47892
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
V9NF86_ACTER
450
0
50073
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A5B7ABP8_DAVIN
449
0
50289
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A5B7C4J5_DAVIN
406
0
45486
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A5B7C806_DAVIN
449
0
50480
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A2I0AUD3_9ASPA
301
0
34467
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A7U3S3R2_ALLPO
424
0
47623
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A5B7BID3_DAVIN
154
0
16964
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
A0A7U3NWM1_ALLPO
424
0
47622
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A2I0AG37_9ASPA
427
0
47691
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A2G9HJX1_9LAMI
433
0
48760
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A7U3NWE5_ALLPO
424
0
47580
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A5B6YZR4_DAVIN
450
0
50318
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A7U3S2V6_ALLPO
424
0
47564
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A5B7AA25_DAVIN
281
0
31246
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 4)
V9NES9_9ERIC
450
0
50064
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A7U3NX33_ALLPO
424
0
47537
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A5B7AAL5_DAVIN
360
1
40662
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A5B6Z157_DAVIN
213
0
23497
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A2G9FYW9_9LAMI
443
0
50231
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A1S5W9C4_STRGY
727
9
77694
TrEMBL
-
A0A5B6Z076_DAVIN
450
0
50302
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A2I0B2F5_9ASPA
376
0
42153
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A5B6YZN1_DAVIN
235
0
25770
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 5)
A0A7U3NWF2_ALLPO
424
0
47617
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A7U3S2V5_ALLPO
424
0
47590
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A5B7ADR7_DAVIN
234
0
25907
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
A0A5B7B8Y0_DAVIN
434
0
48639
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A0B2PY77_GLYSO
436
0
48604
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A2K3D0V9_CHLRE
618
0
63539
TrEMBL
-
D3JYW8_ACTDE
450
0
49992
TrEMBL
-
G3LW45_VITPS
452
0
50515
TrEMBL
-
H9D2D6_SOLLC
437
0
48657
TrEMBL
-
Q2QWM9_ORYSJ
438
0
48516
TrEMBL
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
G224D
less than 0.1% of wild-type activity
H238N
less than 0.1% of wild-type activity
S290F
less than 0.1% of wild-type activity
additional information
construction of isoforms Vtc2/Vtc5 double mutants. Double mutants show growth arrest immediately upon germination and the cotyledons subsequently bleach. Normal growth is restored by supplementation with ascorbate or L-galactose
additional information
construction of isoforms Vtc2/Vtc5 double mutants. Double mutants show growth arrest immediately upon germination and the cotyledons subsequently bleach. Normal growth is restored by supplementation with ascorbate or L-galactose
additional information
-
construction of isoforms Vtc2/Vtc5 double mutants. Double mutants show growth arrest immediately upon germination and the cotyledons subsequently bleach. Normal growth is restored by supplementation with ascorbate or L-galactose
additional information
construction of isoforms Vtc2/Vtc5 double mutants. Double mutants show growth arrest immediately upon germination and the cotyledons subsequently bleach. Normal growth is restored by supplementation with ascorbate or L-galactose. vtc2-1 leaves contain more mannose 6-phosphate than wild-type
additional information
construction of isoforms Vtc2/Vtc5 double mutants. Double mutants show growth arrest immediately upon germination and the cotyledons subsequently bleach. Normal growth is restored by supplementation with ascorbate or L-galactose. vtc2-1 leaves contain more mannose 6-phosphate than wild-type
additional information
-
construction of isoforms Vtc2/Vtc5 double mutants. Double mutants show growth arrest immediately upon germination and the cotyledons subsequently bleach. Normal growth is restored by supplementation with ascorbate or L-galactose. vtc2-1 leaves contain more mannose 6-phosphate than wild-type
additional information
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain cw15-325 is used as recipient strain for transformation with VTC2 amiRNA. The VTC2 gene encoding GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase is targeted using artificial microRNAs. Upon H2O2 stress, alanine and proline accumulated, whereas the amount of cystine strongly decreases in the VTC2 amiRNA lines. The amounts of aspartic acid, lysine and ornithine are lower in the VTC2 amiRNA lines under control conditions, but these differences are much smaller following H2O2 stress. Changes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates are also apparent. Following H2O2 treatment, the amount of pyruvic acid and citric acid decreases, but the amounts of malic acid and succinic acid increases in all the lines. Furthermore, the amount of mannose and glycerol-3-phosphate decreases in the VTC2 amiRNA lines. Phenotype analysis, overview
additional information
-
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain cw15-325 is used as recipient strain for transformation with VTC2 amiRNA. The VTC2 gene encoding GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase is targeted using artificial microRNAs. Upon H2O2 stress, alanine and proline accumulated, whereas the amount of cystine strongly decreases in the VTC2 amiRNA lines. The amounts of aspartic acid, lysine and ornithine are lower in the VTC2 amiRNA lines under control conditions, but these differences are much smaller following H2O2 stress. Changes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates are also apparent. Following H2O2 treatment, the amount of pyruvic acid and citric acid decreases, but the amounts of malic acid and succinic acid increases in all the lines. Furthermore, the amount of mannose and glycerol-3-phosphate decreases in the VTC2 amiRNA lines. Phenotype analysis, overview
additional information
-
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain cw15-325 is used as recipient strain for transformation with VTC2 amiRNA. The VTC2 gene encoding GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase is targeted using artificial microRNAs. Upon H2O2 stress, alanine and proline accumulated, whereas the amount of cystine strongly decreases in the VTC2 amiRNA lines. The amounts of aspartic acid, lysine and ornithine are lower in the VTC2 amiRNA lines under control conditions, but these differences are much smaller following H2O2 stress. Changes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates are also apparent. Following H2O2 treatment, the amount of pyruvic acid and citric acid decreases, but the amounts of malic acid and succinic acid increases in all the lines. Furthermore, the amount of mannose and glycerol-3-phosphate decreases in the VTC2 amiRNA lines. Phenotype analysis, overview
-
additional information
construction of hemizygous and homozygous OsGGP overexpressing plants using the constitutive dual CaMV 35S promoter and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation leading to 5-9fold increased ascorbate concentrations in homozygous plants compared to low amounts in heterozygous and wild-type plants. Phenotype analysis, overview. Ascorbate concentrations are positively correlated with ferritin cn Caco-2 cells exposed to in vitro digests of NS and 35S-OsGGP BR and GBR samples
additional information
analysis of the phenotype of two SlGGP1-deficient EMS Micro-Tom mutants. Fruits of the ggp1 plants produce more ethylene and show higher firmness and soluble solids content than the wild-type after the breaker stage. Leaf CO2 uptake decreases about 50% in both ggp1 mutants at saturating light conditions; however, O2 production in an enriched CO2 atmosphere is only 19% higher in wild-type leaves. Leaf conductance that is largely reduced in both mutants may be the main limitation for photosynthesis. Ethylene production is higher in the mutant lines than wild-type fruit at the breaker and red stages
additional information
-
analysis of the phenotype of two SlGGP1-deficient EMS Micro-Tom mutants. Fruits of the ggp1 plants produce more ethylene and show higher firmness and soluble solids content than the wild-type after the breaker stage. Leaf CO2 uptake decreases about 50% in both ggp1 mutants at saturating light conditions; however, O2 production in an enriched CO2 atmosphere is only 19% higher in wild-type leaves. Leaf conductance that is largely reduced in both mutants may be the main limitation for photosynthesis. Ethylene production is higher in the mutant lines than wild-type fruit at the breaker and red stages
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
expression is induced by Erysiphe necator and defense signaling molecules, including salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and ethephon
expression of the VTC2 gene is rapidly induced by H2O2 and 1O2 resulting in a manifold increase in ascorbate content. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell wall-deficient strain cw15-325 carrying a mutation in the argininosuccinate lyase (ARG7) with the VTC2-specific amiRNA vectors. In the case of the CDS-targeting amiRNA (VTC2-A) construct, 96 arginine-prototrophic colonies are tested by PCR and 89 of them are found to carry the whole amiRNA cassette. For the VTC2 3'-UTR-targeting amiRNA (VTC2-B) construct, 45 of the 96 tested arginine-prototrophic colonies carry the whole amiRNA cassette. Their Asc content shows a strong reduction (at least 80% reduction in 70% of the strains). In the VTC2 amiRNA lines, the mRNA abundances of APX1 and DHAR1, the main chloroplastic forms, are about 40% lower than in the EV2 control. The mutant lines also respond to high-light treatment
in leaves treated by continuous darkness or light, abscisic acid or methyljasmonate, heat, or a hypoxic environment, there is some correlation between the relative levels of GGP mRNA and ascorbate concentrations. In transformed tobacco plants, activity of the GGP promoter is induced by all of these treatments
expression is induced by Erysiphe necator and defense signaling molecules, including salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and ethephon
expression is induced by Erysiphe necator and defense signaling molecules, including salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and ethephon
-
-
expression of the VTC2 gene is rapidly induced by H2O2 and 1O2 resulting in a manifold increase in ascorbate content. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell wall-deficient strain cw15-325 carrying a mutation in the argininosuccinate lyase (ARG7) with the VTC2-specific amiRNA vectors. In the case of the CDS-targeting amiRNA (VTC2-A) construct, 96 arginine-prototrophic colonies are tested by PCR and 89 of them are found to carry the whole amiRNA cassette. For the VTC2 3'-UTR-targeting amiRNA (VTC2-B) construct, 45 of the 96 tested arginine-prototrophic colonies carry the whole amiRNA cassette. Their Asc content shows a strong reduction (at least 80% reduction in 70% of the strains). In the VTC2 amiRNA lines, the mRNA abundances of APX1 and DHAR1, the main chloroplastic forms, are about 40% lower than in the EV2 control. The mutant lines also respond to high-light treatment
expression of the VTC2 gene is rapidly induced by H2O2 and 1O2 resulting in a manifold increase in ascorbate content. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell wall-deficient strain cw15-325 carrying a mutation in the argininosuccinate lyase (ARG7) with the VTC2-specific amiRNA vectors. In the case of the CDS-targeting amiRNA (VTC2-A) construct, 96 arginine-prototrophic colonies are tested by PCR and 89 of them are found to carry the whole amiRNA cassette. For the VTC2 3'-UTR-targeting amiRNA (VTC2-B) construct, 45 of the 96 tested arginine-prototrophic colonies carry the whole amiRNA cassette. Their Asc content shows a strong reduction (at least 80% reduction in 70% of the strains). In the VTC2 amiRNA lines, the mRNA abundances of APX1 and DHAR1, the main chloroplastic forms, are about 40% lower than in the EV2 control. The mutant lines also respond to high-light treatment
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in leaves treated by continuous darkness or light, abscisic acid or methyljasmonate, heat, or a hypoxic environment, there is some correlation between the relative levels of GGP mRNA and ascorbate concentrations. In transformed tobacco plants, activity of the GGP promoter is induced by all of these treatments
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in leaves treated by continuous darkness or light, abscisic acid or methyljasmonate, heat, or a hypoxic environment, there is some correlation between the relative levels of GGP mRNA and ascorbate concentrations. In transformed tobacco plants, activity of the GGP promoter is induced by all of these treatments
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Linster, C.L.; Gomez, T.A.; Christensen, K.C.; Adler, L.N.; Young, B.D.; Brenner, C.; Clarke, S.G.
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Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8RWE8), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9FLP9), Arabidopsis thaliana
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Actinidia eriantha, Actinidia deliciosa (D3JYW8), Actinidia deliciosa
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Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q2QWM9)
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Vidal-Meireles, A.; Neupert, J.; Zsigmond, L.; Rosado-Souza, L.; Kovacs, L.; Nagy, V.; Galambos, A.; Fernie, A.R.; Bock, R.; Toth, S.Z.
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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (A0A2K3D0V9), Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cw15-325 (A0A2K3D0V9)
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Deficiency of GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase, an enzyme required for ascorbic acid synthesis, reduces tomato fruit yield
Planta
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54
2020
Solanum lycopersicum (H9D2D6), Solanum lycopersicum
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