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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
CTP:phytol O-phosphotransferase
The enzyme is found in plants and photosynthetic algae [2] and is involved in phytol salvage [1]. It can use UTP as an alternative phosphate donor with lower activity [2].
downregulation of tomato phytol kinase strongly impairs tocopherol biosynthesis and affects prenyllipid metabolism in an organ-specific manner. VTE5-deficient plants display starch accumulation and lower CO2 assimilation in leaves associated with mild yield penalty. Carbohydrate export blockage in the VTE5-deficient plants affecting tomato fruit quality. Chlorophyll content is not affected in SlVTE5-RNAi lines. Phenotype, overview
the growth defect of vte6-1 is alleviated in the vte5-2/vte6-1 double mutant. The tocopherol-deficient mutants vte1, vte2, vte4, and vte5 can grow on soil and produce fertile seeds, while vte6-1 and vte6-2 cannot grow photoautotrophically and are infertile. Amounts of phytol are unchanged in vte5-2 and vte5-2/vte6-1 mutants compared with the wild-type
phytol from chlorophyll degradation can be phosphorylated to phytyl-phosphate by phytol kinase, EC 2.7.1.182, and to phytyl-diphosphate, the substrate for tocopherol (vitamin E) synthesis by phytyl-diphosphate kinase, EC 2.7.4.BX. Tocopherol synthesis in leaves depends on phytol derived from chlorophyll, not on de novo synthesis of phytyl-diphosphate from geranylgeranyl-diphosphate. The phytol phosphorylation pathway is essential for plant growth and development
phytol is phosphorylated to phytyl-phosphate and phytyl-diphosphate by two successive kinase activities. Phosphorylation of free phytol represents an alternative route for phytyl-diphosphate production as the precursor for chloroplast prenyl lipid synthesis. Lipid esters are produced after feeding phytol to Arabidopsis seedlings, and they also accumulate in large amounts in leaves during senescence. The predominant phytyl ester that accumulates during senescence is hexadecatrienoic acid phytyl ester
chlorophyll phytol tail recycling depends on phytol kinase activity. Phytol diphosphate is required for synthesis of tocopherol involving the condensation with an aromatic head group
the essential enzyme is required for tocopherol synthesis and photoautotrophic growth synthesizing phytyl phosphate from phytol from degenerated chlorophyll in the phytol phosphorylation pathway
gene VTE5, recombinant functional expression of gene VTE5 or functional coexpression of genes VTE5 and VTE6 in Escherichia coli, quantitative real-time PCR expression analysis
construction of an independent mutant allele (pst12490, vte5-2) that carries a transposon insertion in the first exon behind the start codon of the VTE5 gene and shows no vte5 expression and absence of VTE5 mRNA. Construction of VTE5/VTE6 double mutant plants, which are tocopherol-deficient and contain more chlorophyll, but reduced amounts of phytol and phytyl-phosphate compared with vte6 mutants, suggesting that phytol or phytyl-phosphate are detrimental to plant growth. The growth defect of vte6-1 is alleviated in the vte5-2/vte6-1 double mutant. The tocopherol-deficient mutants vte1, vte2, vte4, and vte5 can grow on soil and produce fertile seeds, while vte6-1 and vte6-2 cannot grow photoautotrophically and are infertile. Amounts of phytol are unchanged in vte5-2 and vte5-2/vte6-1 mutants compared with the wild-type, the different forms of fatty acid phytyl esters are increased in leaves of vte5-2, vte6-1, vte6-2, and vte5-2 vte6-1 compared with the wild type, especially 12:0-phytol, 14:0-phytol, and 16:0-phytol
generation of SlVTE5-RNAi transgenic lines, RNAi-mediated silencing of the Solyc03g071720 locus using primers RNAi-VTE5-F and RNAi-VTE5-R. TILLING-based molecular screening is used to identify a loss-offunction mutation in SlFOLK using an EMS-mutagenized tomato collection
generation of SlVTE5-RNAi transgenic lines, RNAi-mediated silencing of the Solyc03g071720 locus using primers RNAi-VTE5-F and RNAi-VTE5-R. TILLING-based molecular screening is used to identify a loss-offunction mutation in SlFOLK using an EMS-mutagenized tomato collection