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(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate
5 diphosphate + all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate
(E)-ethynyldimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
(E)-ethynylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
double condensation product. Yield is 0.8% E-ethynylfarnesyl diphosphate, compared with 100% for the reaction of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate
-
?
(Z)-ethynyldimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
(Z)-ethynylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
8-acetoxygeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + 12-acetoxyfarnesyl diphosphate
8-hydroxygeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
hydroxyfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
mutants Y81S and Y81D, produce additionally hydroxygeranylgeranyl diphosphate plus a small amount of hydroxygeranylfarnesyl diphosphate
-
?
8-methoxygeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
methoxyfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
mutants Y81S and Y81D, produce methoxygeranylgeranyl diphosphate as main product plus some methoxyfarnesyl diphosphate
-
?
cyclohexylideneethyl diphosphate + 2-cyclohexenylethyl diphosphate
(cyclohexylideneethyl)-cyclohexylideneethyl diphosphate
-
-
relative yield 0.8%
-
?
cyclohexylideneethyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
10-cyclohexyliden-3,7-dimethyldeca-2,6-dien-1-ol + ?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
2 diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
2 diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
2 diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate + diphosphate
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
geranyl diphosphate + diphosphate
Pumpkin
-
less than 5% of the activity with dimethylallyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + 2-cyclohexenylethyl diphosphate
(S)-geranylcyclohexylideneethyl diphosphate + diphosphate
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
isopentenyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
Pumpkin
-
enzyme participates in isoprenoid biosynthesis in eukaryotes
-
-
?
methoxymethoxydimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
methoxymethoxygeranyl diphosphate + diphosphate
propoxygeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
propoxyfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
vinyldimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
vinylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
sole product, yield is 29.9% vinylfarnesyl diphosphate, compared with 100% for the reaction of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate
-
?
vinyldimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
vinylgeranyl diphosphate + vinylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
14.3% vinylgeranyl diphosphate plus 23.3% vinylfarnesyl diphosphate, compared with 100% for the reaction of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate
-
?
additional information
?
-
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate
5 diphosphate + all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate
5 diphosphate + all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.29, the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.29, the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate. Under environmental stresses, Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates large amounts of carotenoids. Scale of carotenoid biosynthesis depends on availability of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate precursor, which is supplied by GGPP synthase through sequential 1'-4 condensation of three isopentenyl pyrophosphates into dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.29, the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.29, bifunctional farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase
-
-
?
(Z)-ethynyldimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
(Z)-ethynylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
sole product with wild-type, yield is 88.8% Z-ethynylfarnesyl diphosphate, compared with 100% for the reaction of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate. Mutant Y81D yields products ethynylgeranyl, ethynylfarnesyl, and ethynylgeranylgeranyl diphosphates
-
?
(Z)-ethynyldimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
(Z)-ethynylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
sole product with wild-type, yield is 21.9% Z-ethynylfarnesyl diphosphate, compared with 100% for the reaction of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate
-
?
8-acetoxygeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + 12-acetoxyfarnesyl diphosphate
-
21.8% yield
-
?
8-acetoxygeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + 12-acetoxyfarnesyl diphosphate
-
21.8% yield
-
?
cyclohexylideneethyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
10-cyclohexyliden-3,7-dimethyldeca-2,6-dien-1-ol + ?
-
-
double condensation product, relative yield 23.1%
-
?
cyclohexylideneethyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
10-cyclohexyliden-3,7-dimethyldeca-2,6-dien-1-ol + ?
-
-
double condensation product, relative yield 3.0%
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
-
no activity with farnesyl diphosphate
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
-
2 sequential irreversible 1', 4 condensations
-
-
ir
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
Pumpkin
-
activity is higher than with geranyl diphosphate
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
Pumpkin
-
enzyme participates in isoprenoid biosynthesis in eukaryotes
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
2 diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
the enzyme is bifunctional and produces (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate or geranyl diphosphate from dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate depending on the divalent metal cofactor present. The enzyme is far more active with Co2+ as an additive than with any other tested metal ion. In the presence of Co2+ or Mn2+, with dimethylallyl diphosphate as a cosubstrate, it produces about 96% geranyl diphosphate and only 4% farnesyl diphosphate. In contrast, with Mg2+ as an additive, the enzyme produces 18% geranyl diphosphate and 82% farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
2 diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of the monoterpenoid precursors needed for formation of the defensive compound chrysomelidial. Farnesyl diphosphate serves as precursor for various primary metabolites and juvenile required hormone
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
the production of farnesyl diphosphate from dimethylallyl diphosphate and geranyl diphosphate is most active by addition of 0.5 mM Mg2+ compared with any other tested cofactor. At a constant 0.5 mM Co2+, and an ascending Mg2+ concentration, PcIDS1 displayed low farnesyl diphosphate forming activity. If Mg2+ is constant at 5 mM and Co2+ concentrations vary, high farnesyl diphosphate production can be observed only at Co2+ concentrations below 0.1 mM. As soon as the Co2+ concentration ascends, the farnesyl diphosphate-forming activity decreases dramatically. The Mg2+-catalyzed activity of the enzyme is abolished as soon as Co2+ reaches its optimal concentration
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
ratio geranyl diphosphate/farnesyl diphosphate is about 2:1
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1, the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate, reaction of EC 2.5.1.1
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
when (R)-[2-2H]IPP is a substrate for chain elongation, no deuterium is found in the chain elongation products. In contrast, the deuterium in (S)-[2-2H]IPP is incorporated into all of the products. Thus, the pro-R hydrogen at C2 of IPP is lost when the E- and Z-double bond isomers are formed
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate, reaction of EC 2.5.1.1
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
when (R)-[2-2H]IPP is a substrate for chain elongation, no deuterium is found in the chain elongation products. In contrast, the deuterium in (S)-[2-2H]IPP is incorporated into all of the products. Thus, the pro-R hydrogen at C2 of IPP is lost when the E- and Z-double bond isomers are formed
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
relative yield 100%
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
the synthase amino-acid residues at the 4th and 5th position before the first aspartate rich motif mainly determine product specificity
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate. Under environmental stresses, Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates large amounts of carotenoids. Scale of carotenoid biosynthesis depends on availability of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate precursor, which is supplied by GGPP synthase through sequential 1'-4 condensation of three isopentenyl pyrophosphates into dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1, the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1, the enzyme catalyses the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another unit of IPP, eventually producing the 15-carbon isoprenoid farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1, the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate, forming geranyl pyrophosphate and then farnesyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (C5) with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another molecule of IPP, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate which is a precursor for the biosynthesis of a vast majority of isoprenoids
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate and the resulting geranyl diphosphate with another molecule of isopentenyl diphosphate, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (C5) with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another molecule of IPP, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes two five-carbon atoms, isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), and its isomer dimethylallyl pyrophosphate phosphoric acid (DMAPP) to form farnesyl diphosphate (FPP)
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1. the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), producing geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate, producing geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1. the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), producing geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate, producing geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
relative yield 100%
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + 2-cyclohexenylethyl diphosphate
(S)-geranylcyclohexylideneethyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
relative yield 13.6%
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + 2-cyclohexenylethyl diphosphate
(S)-geranylcyclohexylideneethyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
relative yield 42.2%
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate. Under environmental stresses, Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates large amounts of carotenoids. Scale of carotenoid biosynthesis depends on availability of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate precursor, which is supplied by GGPP synthase through sequential 1'-4 condensation of three isopentenyl pyrophosphates into dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyses the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another unit of IPP, eventually producing the 15-carbon isoprenoid farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate, forming geranyl pyrophosphate and then farnesyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (C5) with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another molecule of IPP, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate which is a precursor for the biosynthesis of a vast majority of isoprenoids
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate and the resulting geranyl diphosphate with another molecule of isopentenyl diphosphate, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (C5) with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another molecule of IPP, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes two five-carbon atoms, isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), and its isomer dimethylallyl pyrophosphate phosphoric acid (DMAPP) to form farnesyl diphosphate (FPP)
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
bifunctional farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), producing geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate, producing geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), producing geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate, producing geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
E)-farnesyl diphosphate
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
ir
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
Pumpkin
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
E)-farnesyl diphosphate
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
small amounts of neryl diphosphate, (Z,E)-farnesyl diphosphate are formed along with the E-isomers. When (R)-[2-2H]IPP is a substrate for chain elongation, no deuterium is found in the chain elongation products. In contrast, the deuterium in (S)-[2-2H]IPP is incorporated into all of the products. Thus, the pro-R hydrogen at C2 of IPP is lost when the E- and Z-double bond isomers are formed
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
small amounts of neryl diphosphate, (Z,E)-farnesyl diphosphate are formed along with the E-isomers. When (R)-[2-2H]IPP is a substrate for chain elongation, no deuterium is found in the chain elongation products. In contrast, the deuterium in (S)-[2-2H]IPP is incorporated into all of the products. Thus, the pro-R hydrogen at C2 of IPP is lost when the E- and Z-double bond isomers are formed
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
the synthase amino-acid residues at the 4th and 5th position before the first aspartate rich motif mainly determine product specificity
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
no activity with dimethylallyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
no activity with dimethylallyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
methoxymethoxydimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
methoxymethoxygeranyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
yield is 5% methoxymethoxygeranyl diphosphate, compared with 100% for the reaction of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate. Mutant Y81D yields methoxymethoxyfarnesyl diphosphate with high efficiency
-
?
methoxymethoxydimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
methoxymethoxygeranyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
yield is 1% methoxymethoxygeranyl diphosphate, compared with 100% for the reaction of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate
-
?
propoxygeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
propoxyfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
yield is 3% methoxymethoxygeranyl diphosphate, compared with 100% for the reaction of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate, and 63% yield for mutant Y81D, plus 6% of propoxygeranylgeranyl diphosphate
-
?
propoxygeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
propoxyfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
-
yield is 62% methoxymethoxygeranyl diphosphate, compared with 100% for the reaction of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with dimethylallyl diphosphate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with dimethylallyl diphosphate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme additionally shows geranyl diphosphate synthase and farnesyl diphosphate synthase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme additionally shows geranyl diphosphate synthase and farnesyl diphosphate synthase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is able to produce farnesyl phosphate directly from geranyl phosphate, activity of farnesylgeranyltransferase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is able to produce farnesyl phosphate directly from geranyl phosphate, activity of farnesylgeranyltransferase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
FPPS2 has barely detectable geranyl geranyl diphosphate synthase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isoform FPPS3 with a His-tag at the N-terminus displays a low level of geranyl geranyl diphosphate synthase activity
-
-
?
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(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 2 diphosphate
Pumpkin
-
enzyme participates in isoprenoid biosynthesis in eukaryotes
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of the monoterpenoid precursors needed for formation of the defensive compound chrysomelidial. Farnesyl diphosphate serves as precursor for various primary metabolites and juvenile required hormone
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
isopentenyl diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
diphosphate + farnesyl diphosphate
Pumpkin
-
enzyme participates in isoprenoid biosynthesis in eukaryotes
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.29, the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate. Under environmental stresses, Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates large amounts of carotenoids. Scale of carotenoid biosynthesis depends on availability of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate precursor, which is supplied by GGPP synthase through sequential 1'-4 condensation of three isopentenyl pyrophosphates into dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.29, bifunctional farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate, reaction of EC 2.5.1.1
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate, reaction of EC 2.5.1.1
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate. Under environmental stresses, Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates large amounts of carotenoids. Scale of carotenoid biosynthesis depends on availability of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate precursor, which is supplied by GGPP synthase through sequential 1'-4 condensation of three isopentenyl pyrophosphates into dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1, the enzyme catalyses the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another unit of IPP, eventually producing the 15-carbon isoprenoid farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1, the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate, forming geranyl pyrophosphate and then farnesyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (C5) with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another molecule of IPP, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate which is a precursor for the biosynthesis of a vast majority of isoprenoids
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate and the resulting geranyl diphosphate with another molecule of isopentenyl diphosphate, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes two five-carbon atoms, isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), and its isomer dimethylallyl pyrophosphate phosphoric acid (DMAPP) to form farnesyl diphosphate (FPP)
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1. the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), producing geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate, producing geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
reaction of EC 2.5.1.1. the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), producing geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate, producing geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyze the sequential head-to-tail addition of three C5 molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate. Under environmental stresses, Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates large amounts of carotenoids. Scale of carotenoid biosynthesis depends on availability of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate precursor, which is supplied by GGPP synthase through sequential 1'-4 condensation of three isopentenyl pyrophosphates into dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyses the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another unit of IPP, eventually producing the 15-carbon isoprenoid farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate, forming geranyl pyrophosphate and then farnesyl pyrophosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (C5) with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with another molecule of IPP, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate which is a precursor for the biosynthesis of a vast majority of isoprenoids
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate with isopentenyl diphosphate and the resulting geranyl diphosphate with another molecule of isopentenyl diphosphate, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes two five-carbon atoms, isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), and its isomer dimethylallyl pyrophosphate phosphoric acid (DMAPP) to form farnesyl diphosphate (FPP)
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
bifunctional farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), producing geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate, producing geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), producing geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the sequential condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate, producing geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
isopentenyl diphosphate + dimethylallyl diphosphate
diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
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(((2-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)methylene)diphosphonic acid
-
about 75% inhibition at 0.01 mM
(((5-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)methylene)diphosphonic acid
-
about 10% inhibition at 0.01 mM
(((6-(4-tolyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)methylene)diphosphonic acid
-
about 85% inhibition at 0.01 mM
(((6-(naphthalen-2-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)methylene)diphosphonic acid
-
about 87% inhibition at 0.01 mM
(1-hydroxyheptane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
(2-[[(2E)-2,6-dimethylhepta-2,5-dien-1-yl]amino]ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
(2R,4aS,6aS,12bR,14aS)-10-hydroxy-2,4a,6a,9,12b,14a-hexamethyl-11-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,11,12b,13,14,14a,14b-tetradecahydropicene-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-acetyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-5,6,7,8,8a,9-hexahydrophenanthrene-3,4,10(4bH)-trione
-
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
-
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
-
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-5,6,7,8,8a,9-hexahydrophenanthrene-3,4,10(4bH)-trione
-
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-[(1S)-1-[(hydroxymethyl)amino]ethyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
-
(4bR,8aS)-4b-[5-(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
-
(4bR,8aS)-4b-[5-(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-5,6,7,8,8a,9-hexahydrophenanthrene-3,4,10(4bH)-trione
-
(4bR,8aS)-4b-[5-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
-
(6-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)methylenebisphosphonic acid
-
about 61% inhibition at 0.01 mM
(R)-(1-((6-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(R)-(1-((6-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-cyclohexylethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(R)-(1-((6-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-phenylethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(R)-(2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1-((6-(p-tolyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)ethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(R)-(2-phenyl-1-((6-(p-tolyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-amino)ethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(R)-2-((6-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-3-(3-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid
-
(S)-(1-((6-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(S)-(1-((6-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-cyclohexylethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(S)-(1-((6-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-phenylethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(S)-(2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1-((6-(p-tolyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)ethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(S)-(2-phenyl-1-((6-(p-tolyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-amino)ethyl)phosphonic acid
-
(thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)methylene bisphosphonic acid
-
about 78% inhibition at 0.01 mM
([Cu(II)(pamidronate)]H2O)n
-
-
-
([[6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl]amino]methanediyl)bis(phosphonic acid)
-
([[6-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyridin-3-yl]amino]methanediyl)bis(phosphonic acid)
-
([[6-(4-methylphenyl)-5,6-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]methyl)phosphonic acid
-
([[6-(thiophen-3-yl)pyridin-3-yl]amino]methanediyl)bis(phosphonic acid)
-
1-(2-hydroxy-2,2-diphosphonoethyl)-3-phenylpyridinium
-
-
1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-benzo[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid
1-(carboxymethyl)-5,9b-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid
-
1-[(3-carboxy-1,2-oxazol-5-yl)methyl]-1H-benzo[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
1-[(benzylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
1-[(n-dec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(n-dodec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(n-hept-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(n-hex-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(n-non-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(n-oct-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(n-pent-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-tetradec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(n-undec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(prop-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
1-[(prop-2-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
11,12-dihydroxy-7,20-epoxyabieta-8,11,13-trien-20-one
-
11,12-dihydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
-
11,12-dihydroxy-N-methylabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
-
11,12-dihydroxy-N-[(pyridin-3-yl)methyl]abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
-
11,12-dihydroxy-N-[3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl]abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
-
11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-20-hydrazide
-
11-hydroxyabieta-7,9(11),13-triene-6,12-dione
-
12-hydroxy-11,20-epoxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-one
-
1H,1'H-4,4'-biindole-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
2,6,7-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4a-dihydro-3H-xanthen-3-one
2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)-4-(phenylamino)benzoic acid
-
-
2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[11,12-dihydroxy-20-oxoabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-yl]hydrazine-1-carboxamide
-
2-[[(1S,2R,4aR)-4a-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-5-methylidenedecahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methyl]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
-
3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-diphosphonoethyl)-2H-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-4-ium
-
-
3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid
-
-
3-butyl-1-(2,2-diphosphonoethyl)pyridinium
3-fluoro-1-(2-hydroxy-2,2-diphosphonoethyl)-pyridinium
-
-
4'-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid
-
-
4'-(methylcarbamoyl)-3-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy][1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
-
-
4'-acetamido-3-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy][1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
-
-
4'-carbamoyl-3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid
-
-
4'-fluoro-3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid
-
-
4'-[(methanesulfonyl)amino]-3-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy][1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
-
-
4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
4-(1-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy]benzoic acid
-
-
4-(1H-indol-5-yl)-2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
4-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-2-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy]benzoic acid
-
-
4-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-2-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy]benzoic acid
-
-
4-(naphthalen-1-yl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
4-[5-[(4aR,10aS)-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-4a(2H)-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]benzonitrile
-
6,20-epoxyabieta-8,13-diene-7,11,12,20-tetrone
-
6-amino-5-ethoxy-8-(naphthalen-1-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
6-amino-8-(naphthalen-1-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
6-[(ethoxycarbonyl)amino]-8-(naphthalen-1-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
7,20-epoxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-11,12-diol
-
7,20-epoxyabieta-8,13-diene-11,12,20-trione
-
7,20-epoxyabieta-8,13-diene-11,12-dione
-
8-(1H-indol-4-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
8-(naphthalen-1-yl)-6-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
8-(naphthalen-1-yl)-6-(thiophen-3-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
8-(naphthalen-1-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
abieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-11,12,20-triol
-
Ca2+
-
5 mM, 80% inhibition
diphosphate
-
0.66 mM, 50% inhibition
K+
-
500 mM, 63% inhibition in the presence of MgCl2
methyl 11,12-dihydroxy-7-(phenylsulfanyl)abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
-
methyl 11,12-dihydroxy-7-methoxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
-
methyl 11,12-dihydroxy-7-oxoabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
-
methyl 11,12-dihydroxy-7-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfanyl]abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
-
methyl 11,12-dihydroxyabieta-7,9(11),13-trien-20-oate
-
methyl 11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
-
methyl 11-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-12-hydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
-
methyl 7,11,12-trioxoabieta-8,13-dien-20-oate
-
methyl 7-(butylsulfanyl)-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
-
methyl 7-ethoxy-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
-
methyl 7-ethoxy-11,12-dioxoabieta-8,13-dien-20-oate
-
methyl 7-tert-butoxy-11,12-dioxoabieta-8,13-dien-20-oate
-
methyl 7-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfanyl]-11,12-dioxoabieta-8,13-dien-20-oate
-
MMV019313
the inhibitor is highly selective for Plasmodium falciparum FPPS/GGPPS and shows no activity against human farnesyl diphosphate synthase or geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase. Inhibition of the bifunctional farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase by MMV019313, but not bisphosphonates, is disrupted in an S228T variant, demonstrating that MMV019313 and bisphosphonates have distinct modes-of-inhibition. Inhibition occurs via a new small molecule binding site
N'-(4-bromobenzoyl)-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-20-hydrazide
-
N'-acetyl-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-20-hydrazide
-
N-acetyl-S-((4aR,10aS)-5,6-dihydroxy-7-isopropyl-4a-(methoxycarbonyl)-1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-9-yl)-L-cysteine
-
N-benzyl-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
-
N-ethylmaleimide
-
8 mM, 54% inhibition
N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-11,12-dihydroxy-7-oxoabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
-
N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
-
p-chloromercuribenzoic acid
-
0.15 mM, 882% inhibition of wild-type farnesyl diphosphate synthase, 11% inhibition of C73S/C289S mutant enzyme
p-hydroxymercuribenzoate
-
1 mM, 25% inhibition
tert-butyl [(1R)-1-amino-2-[2-[11,12-dihydroxy-20-oxoabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-yl]hydrazinyl]-2-oxoethyl]carbamate
-
tert-butyl [(1R)-1-[5-[(4aR,10aS)-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-9-oxo-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-4a(2H)-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethyl]carbamate
-
tert-butyl [(1S)-1-[5-[(4aR,10aS)-1,1-dimethyl-5,6,9-trioxo-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,3,4,5,6,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-4a(2H)-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethyl]carbamate
-
tert-butyl [(1S)-1-[5-[(4aR,10aS)-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-4a(2H)-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethyl]carbamate
-
Triton X-100
-
above 0.2%
ZINC04011866
0.01 mM, 29.9% inhibition
ZINC04043066
0.01 mM, 25.3% inhibition
ZINC04064228
0.01 mM, 11.5% inhibition
ZINC04082083
0.01 mM, 17.3% inhibition
ZINC04763743
0.01 mM, 29.4% inhibition
ZINC05037497
0.01 mM, 29.3% inhibition
ZINC06894343
0.01 mM, 28.9% inhibition
ZINC09224949
0.01 mM, 23.5% inhibition
ZINC12377242
0.01 mM, 13% inhibition
ZINC15868804
0.01 mM, 24% inhibition
[(octylamino)methanediyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
[([6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyridin-3-yl]amino)methanediyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[({4-[4-(propan-2-yloxy)phenyl]pyridin-2-yl}amino)methanediyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
about 90% inhibition at 0.01 mM
[1-fluoro-2-[2-(1H-indazol-4-yl)pyridin-4-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[1-fluoro-2-[5-(1H-indazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[1-fluoro-2-[5-(1H-indazol-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[1-fluoro-2-[5-(1H-indazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[1-fluoro-2-[5-(1H-indazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[1-fluoro-2-[5-(1H-indazol-6-yl)pyridin-3-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[1-fluoro-2-[5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[1-fluoro-2-[5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[1-fluoro-2-[6-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[1-hydroxy-3-[(3-phenylpropyl)amino]propane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
[1-hydroxy-3-[methyl(2-phenylethyl)amino]propane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
[1-hydroxy-3-[methyl(4-phenylbutyl)amino]propane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
[2-(1,2-dimethyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
about 64% inhibition at 0.01 mM
[2-(1-ethyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
about 78% inhibition at 0.01 mM
[2-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
about 60% inhibition at 0.01 mM
[2-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
about 30% inhibition at 0.01 mM
[2-(2-tert-butyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
about 79% inhibition at 0.01 mM
[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
[2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
[2-(cyclohexylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bisphosphonic acid
-
-
[2-(heptylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
[2-(hexylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
[2-(n-heptylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bisphosphonic acid
-
-
[2-(n-hexylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bisphosphonic acid
-
-
[2-(n-pentylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bisphosphonic acid
-
-
[2-(npropylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bisphosphonic acid
-
-
[2-[(2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)amino]ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
[2-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)pyridin-4-yl]-1-fluoroethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[2-[5-(3,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-1-fluoroethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[2-[6-(3,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-1-fluoroethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[c]pyridin-7-yl(hydroxy)methylene]bis(phosphonic acid)
i.e. NE-10501, chiral analog of risedronate. Crystallization of human enzyme from a solution of racemic NE-10501 results in a complex containing the R enantiomer in the enzyme active site
[Co(II)(pamidronate)2(H2O)2]
-
-
-
[Co(II)(risedronate)2]
-
-
-
[Co(II)2(alendronate)4(H2O)2]
-
-
-
[Cu(II)(risedronate)2]
-
-
-
[Cu(II)2(alendronate)4(H2O)2]
-
-
-
[Mn(II)(pamidronate)2(H2O)2]
-
-
-
[Mn(II)(risedronate)2]
-
-
-
[Mn(II)2(alendronate)4(H2O)2]
-
-
-
[Ni(II)(pamidronate)2(H2O)2]
-
-
-
[Ni(II)(risedronate)2]
-
-
-
[Ni(II)2(alendronate)4(H2O)2]
-
-
-
{2-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl)amino]ethane-1,1-diyl}bis(phosphonic acid)
about 65% inhibition at 0.01 mM
{2-[(3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl)amino]ethane-1,1-diyl}bis(phosphonic acid)
about 10% inhibition at 0.01 mM
{2-[1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl}bis(phosphonic acid)
about 45% inhibition at 0.01 mM
{2-[2-(1-cyclopentylethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl}bis(phosphonic acid)
about 90% inhibition at 0.01 mM
{2-[2-(3-methylbutan-2-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl}bis(phosphonic acid)
about 85% inhibition at 0.01 mM
{2-[2-(3-methylbutan-2-yl)-5-phenyl-1H-indol-3-yl]ethane-1,1-diyl}bis(phosphonic acid)
about 95% inhibition at 0.01 mM
1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-benzo[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid
-
1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-benzo[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
1-[(benzylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
1-[(benzylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-dec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
1-[(n-dec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-dodec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
1-[(n-dodec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-hept-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-hept-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-hex-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-hex-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-non-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
1-[(n-non-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-oct-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-oct-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-tetradec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
1-[(n-tetradec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(n-undec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
1-[(n-undec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(prop-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(prop-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(prop-2-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
1-[(prop-2-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
-
-
2,6,7-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4a-dihydro-3H-xanthen-3-one
-
2,6,7-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4a-dihydro-3H-xanthen-3-one
-
-
3-butyl-1-(2,2-diphosphonoethyl)pyridinium
-
-
3-butyl-1-(2,2-diphosphonoethyl)pyridinium
-
alendronate
-
alendronate
-
twelve weeks of alendronate treatment attenuates the left ventricular weight to body weight ratio, hydroxyproline content, collagen deposition in the interstitia, and gene expression of atrial natriuretic peptide, B-type natriuretic peptide, and procollagen type I/III in the SHR left ventricle, all of which are significantly higher in spontaneously hypertensive rats than in control rats. Long-term treatment with inhibitor significantly reduces RhoA activation, ERK phosphorylation, and TGF-b1 expression in the spontaneously hypertensive rat left ventricle, all ofwhich were upregulated more in spontaneously hypertensive rats than in control rats
alendronate
-
i.e. 4-amino-1-hydroxybutane-1,1-diylphosphonic acid
arenarone
-
celastrol
-
farnesyl diphosphate
-
0.06 mM, 50% inhibition
farnesyl diphosphate
allosteric product inhibition. the product can trap the enzyme in an unreactive state by binding to its allosteric pocket
ibandronate
-
iodoacetamide
Pumpkin
-
5 mM, 31% inhibition
iodoacetamide
-
8 mM, 33% inhibition
isopentenyl diphosphate
-
-
isopentenyl diphosphate
-
substrate inhibition
Mn2+
-
strong inhibition above 0.1 mM, activation below
Mn2+
-
activates at 0.25-0.50 mM, inhibition above
pamidronate
-
pamidronate
-
i.e. 3-amino-1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diylphosphonic acid
risedronate
about 98% inhibition at 100 mM
risedronate
-
i.e. 1-hydroxy-2-(pyridin-3-yl)ethane-1,1-diylphosphonic acid
taxodione
-
taxodone
-
zoledronate
-
zoledronic acid
-
-
[2-(heptylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
[2-(heptylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
-
[2-(hexylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
competitive inhibitor
[2-(hexylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
-
competitive inhibitor
additional information
Monte carlo optimization method using CORAL software is used successfully for designing a statistically robust QSAR model for human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase inhibitors
-
additional information
-
Monte carlo optimization method using CORAL software is used successfully for designing a statistically robust QSAR model for human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase inhibitors
-
additional information
the enzyme possesses three inhibition binding sites: the allylic site (dimethyl allyl pyrophosphate and geranyl pyrophosphate), the homoallylic site (isopentenyl pyrophosphate), and the allosteric site. Bisphosphonate-based inhibitors are extremely effective inhibitors binding to the allylic site
-
additional information
-
the enzyme possesses three inhibition binding sites: the allylic site (dimethyl allyl pyrophosphate and geranyl pyrophosphate), the homoallylic site (isopentenyl pyrophosphate), and the allosteric site. Bisphosphonate-based inhibitors are extremely effective inhibitors binding to the allylic site
-
additional information
-
neither iodoacetamide nor N-ethylmaleimide inhibits at concentration less than 5 mM
-
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0.00063
(1-hydroxyheptane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid)
Plasmodium vivax
-
pH 7.4, 22°C
0.0171
(2R,4aS,6aS,12bR,14aS)-10-hydroxy-2,4a,6a,9,12b,14a-hexamethyl-11-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,11,12b,13,14,14a,14b-tetradecahydropicene-2-carboxylic acid
Trypanosoma brucei
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000289
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-acetyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-5,6,7,8,8a,9-hexahydrophenanthrene-3,4,10(4bH)-trione
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000859
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0022
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000335
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-5,6,7,8,8a,9-hexahydrophenanthrene-3,4,10(4bH)-trione
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000194
(4bR,8aS)-4b-(5-[(1S)-1-[(hydroxymethyl)amino]ethyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0251
(4bR,8aS)-4b-[5-(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0137
(4bR,8aS)-4b-[5-(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-5,6,7,8,8a,9-hexahydrophenanthrene-3,4,10(4bH)-trione
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0011
(4bR,8aS)-4b-[5-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-8,8-dimethyl-2-(propan-2-yl)-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000095
([Cu(II)(pamidronate)]H2O)n
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.0542 - 0.081
1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-benzo[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid
0.001
1-[(benzylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
IC50 above 0.001 mM, in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000068 - 0.001
1-[(n-dec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.000093 - 0.000811
1-[(n-dodec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.000058 - 0.000095
1-[(n-hept-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.000137 - 0.00049
1-[(n-hex-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.00043 - 0.00044
1-[(n-non-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.000087 - 0.00101
1-[(n-oct-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.00008
1-[(n-pent-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.000292 - 0.001
1-[(n-tetradec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.000856 - 0.000868
1-[(n-undec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.000038 - 0.000298
1-[(prop-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.000013 - 0.000337
1-[(prop-2-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
0.0133
11,12-dihydroxy-7,20-epoxyabieta-8,11,13-trien-20-one
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000914
11,12-dihydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0027
11,12-dihydroxy-N-methylabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0027
11,12-dihydroxy-N-[(pyridin-3-yl)methyl]abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.008
11,12-dihydroxy-N-[3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl]abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.035
11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-20-hydrazide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0012 - 0.0024
11-hydroxyabieta-7,9(11),13-triene-6,12-dione
0.0106
12-hydroxy-11,20-epoxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-one
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0139
1H,1'H-4,4'-biindole-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.054 - 0.081
2,6,7-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4a-dihydro-3H-xanthen-3-one
0.02
2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)-4-(phenylamino)benzoic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0068
2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0031
2-[11,12-dihydroxy-20-oxoabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-yl]hydrazine-1-carboxamide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0011
2-[[(1S,2R,4aR)-4a-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-5-methylidenedecahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methyl]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
Homo sapiens
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00064
3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-diphosphonoethyl)-2H-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-4-ium
Plasmodium vivax
-
pH 7.4, 22°C
0.00085
3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000058
4'-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00014
4'-(methylcarbamoyl)-3-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy][1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000017
4'-acetamido-3-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy][1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00011
4'-carbamoyl-3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00008
4'-fluoro-3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00123
4'-[(methanesulfonyl)amino]-3-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy][1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000049
4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00027
4-(1-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy]benzoic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00019
4-(1H-indol-5-yl)-2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00025
4-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-2-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy]benzoic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000038
4-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-2-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methoxy]benzoic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0071
4-(naphthalen-1-yl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0074
4-[5-[(4aR,10aS)-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-4a(2H)-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]benzonitrile
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000389
6,20-epoxyabieta-8,13-diene-7,11,12,20-tetrone
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000024
6-amino-5-ethoxy-8-(naphthalen-1-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000069
6-amino-8-(naphthalen-1-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000037
6-[(ethoxycarbonyl)amino]-8-(naphthalen-1-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0187
7,20-epoxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-11,12-diol
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000473
7,20-epoxyabieta-8,13-diene-11,12,20-trione
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000596
7,20-epoxyabieta-8,13-diene-11,12-dione
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.02
8-(1H-indol-4-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000077
8-(naphthalen-1-yl)-6-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0001
8-(naphthalen-1-yl)-6-(thiophen-3-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0012
8-(naphthalen-1-yl)quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0078
abieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-11,12,20-triol
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0044
alendronate
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.0011 - 0.0278
arenarone
0.0027
ibandronate
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
at pH 8.0 and 22°C
0.028
methyl 11,12-dihydroxy-7-(phenylsulfanyl)abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0011
methyl 11,12-dihydroxy-7-methoxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0412
methyl 11,12-dihydroxy-7-oxoabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0013
methyl 11,12-dihydroxy-7-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfanyl]abieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000833
methyl 11,12-dihydroxyabieta-7,9(11),13-trien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000865
methyl 11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0563
methyl 11-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-12-hydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000523
methyl 7,11,12-trioxoabieta-8,13-dien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0125
methyl 7-(butylsulfanyl)-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0133
methyl 7-ethoxy-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0086
methyl 7-ethoxy-11,12-dioxoabieta-8,13-dien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000234
methyl 7-tert-butoxy-11,12-dioxoabieta-8,13-dien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0227
methyl 7-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfanyl]-11,12-dioxoabieta-8,13-dien-20-oate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0008
N'-(4-bromobenzoyl)-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-20-hydrazide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0015
N'-acetyl-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-triene-20-hydrazide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.02564
N-acetyl-S-((4aR,10aS)-5,6-dihydroxy-7-isopropyl-4a-(methoxycarbonyl)-1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-9-yl)-L-cysteine
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.00603
N-benzyl-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.008
N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-11,12-dihydroxy-7-oxoabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0012
N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-11,12-dihydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-amide
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.00134
pamidronate
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000027 - 0.000074
risedronate
0.0012 - 0.0173
taxodione
0.00052
tert-butyl [(1R)-1-amino-2-[2-[11,12-dihydroxy-20-oxoabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-20-yl]hydrazinyl]-2-oxoethyl]carbamate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0125
tert-butyl [(1R)-1-[5-[(4aR,10aS)-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-9-oxo-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-4a(2H)-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethyl]carbamate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000252
tert-butyl [(1S)-1-[5-[(4aR,10aS)-1,1-dimethyl-5,6,9-trioxo-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,3,4,5,6,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-4a(2H)-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethyl]carbamate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.000644
tert-butyl [(1S)-1-[5-[(4aR,10aS)-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-4a(2H)-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethyl]carbamate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0001 - 0.0152
zoledronate
0.00049
[(octylamino)methanediyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
Plasmodium vivax
-
pH 7.4, 22°C
0.00045
[1-hydroxy-3-[(3-phenylpropyl)amino]propane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
Plasmodium vivax
-
pH 7.4, 22°C
0.0004
[1-hydroxy-3-[methyl(2-phenylethyl)amino]propane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
Plasmodium vivax
-
pH 7.4, 22°C
0.00061
[1-hydroxy-3-[methyl(4-phenylbutyl)amino]propane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
Plasmodium vivax
-
pH 7.4, 22°C
0.00063
[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
Plasmodium vivax
-
pH 7.4, 22°C
0.00063
[2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
Plasmodium vivax
-
pH 7.4, 22°C
0.000058
[2-(heptylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00014 - 0.00135
[2-(hexylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
0.000058
[2-(n-heptylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00049
[2-(n-hexylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00184
[2-(n-pentylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000038
[2-(npropylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0006295
[6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[c]pyridin-7-yl(hydroxy)methylene]bis(phosphonic acid)
Homo sapiens
racemat
0.000215
[Co(II)(pamidronate)2(H2O)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.0001
[Co(II)(risedronate)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
IC50 above 0.0001 mM, in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.05
[Co(II)2(alendronate)4(H2O)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
IC50 above 0.05 mM, in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.000026
[Cu(II)(risedronate)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.000717
[Cu(II)2(alendronate)4(H2O)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.000161
[Mn(II)(pamidronate)2(H2O)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.0000027
[Mn(II)(risedronate)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.000128
[Mn(II)2(alendronate)4(H2O)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.000328
[Ni(II)(pamidronate)2(H2O)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.0000029
[Ni(II)(risedronate)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.000167
[Ni(II)2(alendronate)4(H2O)2]
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
-
0.0542
1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-benzo[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid
Trypanosoma brucei
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.081
1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-benzo[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid
Homo sapiens
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000068
1-[(n-dec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.001
1-[(n-dec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
IC50 above 0.001 mM, in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000093
1-[(n-dodec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000811
1-[(n-dodec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000058
1-[(n-hept-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.000095
1-[(n-hept-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.000137
1-[(n-hex-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.00049
1-[(n-hex-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.00043
1-[(n-non-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.00044
1-[(n-non-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000087
1-[(n-oct-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.00101
1-[(n-oct-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.000292
1-[(n-tetradec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
IC50 above 0.001 mM, in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.001
1-[(n-tetradec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
IC50 above 0.001 mM, in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000856
1-[(n-undec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000868
1-[(n-undec-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000038
1-[(prop-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.000298
1-[(prop-1-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.000013
1-[(prop-2-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.000337
1-[(prop-2-ylamino)ethyl] 1,1-bisphosphonic acid
Toxoplasma gondii
-
pH 7.4, 37°C
0.0012
11-hydroxyabieta-7,9(11),13-triene-6,12-dione
Homo sapiens
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0024
11-hydroxyabieta-7,9(11),13-triene-6,12-dione
Homo sapiens
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.054
2,6,7-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4a-dihydro-3H-xanthen-3-one
Trypanosoma brucei
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.081
2,6,7-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4a-dihydro-3H-xanthen-3-one
Homo sapiens
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0011
arenarone
Homo sapiens
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0278
arenarone
Trypanosoma brucei
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0171
celastrol
Trypanosoma brucei
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.2
celastrol
Homo sapiens
IC50 above 0.2 mM, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000027
risedronate
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.000074
risedronate
Toxoplasma gondii
in 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.0012
taxodione
Homo sapiens
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0173
taxodione
Trypanosoma brucei
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0024
taxodone
Homo sapiens
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0431
taxodone
Trypanosoma brucei
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0001
zoledronate
Homo sapiens
pH 7.5, 23°C
0.0152
zoledronate
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
at pH 8.0 and 22°C
0.00014
[2-(hexylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
Toxoplasma gondii
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00135
[2-(hexylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid)
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
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drug target
antimalarial drug target
drug target
due to its crucial role in isoprenoid biosynthesis, the enzyme is a molecular target for the treatment of different bone disorders and to control parasitic diseases, particularly, those produced by trypanosomatids and Apicomplexan parasites. Notwithstanding their lack of drug-like character, bisphosphonates are the most advantageous class of inhibitors of the enzymatic activity of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase. The poor drug-like character is largely compensated by the high affinity of the bisphosphonate moiety by bone mineral hydroxyapatite in humans. Several bisphosphonates are currently in use for the treatment of a variety of bone disorders. Currently, the great prospects that bisphosphonates behave as antiparasitic agents is due to their accumulation in acidocalcisomes, organelles with equivalent composition to bone mineral, hence facilitating their antiparasitic action
drug target
farnesyl diphosphate synthase is in a branching point in sterol metabolic pathways. It is a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway and a good candidate for drug design
drug target
farnesyl diphosphate synthase is in a branching point in sterol metabolic pathways. It is a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway and a good candidate for drug design
drug target
the enzyme is a drug target for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis
drug target
the enzyme is a target for treating bone resorption diseases and some cancers
drug target
the enzyme plays a significant role in the disease-related cell signaling pathway, and the inhibition of the enzyme is a potential approach for treating FPPS-regulated diseases
drug target
Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, a current treatment for bone diseases, have been shown to block the growth of the Trypanosoma brucei parasites by inhibiting farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase. However, due to their poor pharmacokinetic properties, they are not well suited for antiparasitic therapy. Tthe discovery of new binding sites and non-bisphosphonate binders is a critical step towards the investigation of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase as a drug target for human African trypanosomiasis and opens up the possibility of a fragment-to-lead optimisation program
drug target
-
the enzyme is a drug target for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis
-
drug target
-
farnesyl diphosphate synthase is in a branching point in sterol metabolic pathways. It is a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway and a good candidate for drug design
-
evolution
Giardia and Leishmania farnesyl diphosphate synthase enzymes are phylogenetically distant but display conserved protein signatures. The nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates effect on farnesyl diphosphate synthase is more pronounced in Leishmania than Giardia. This might be due to general differences in metabolism and differences in the farnesyl diphosphate synthase catalytic site
evolution
Giardia and Leishmania farnesyl diphosphate synthase enzymes are phylogenetically distant but display conserved protein signatures. The nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates effect on farnesyl diphosphate synthase is more pronounced in Leishmania than Giardia. This might be due to general differences in metabolism and differences in the farnesyl diphosphate synthase catalytic site
evolution
-
reported of the molecular evolution of positive selection sites in plant. Gene expression analysis shows that FPS genes could increase terpenoid accumulation in plants. Large-scale evolutionary analysis of farnesyl diphosphate synthase in land plants. It explores the relationship between the molecular evolution of positive selection sites and their roles in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthase. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes in plants appeared very early, and can be traced back to the bryophyte divergence to pteridophyte, which then evolves into gymnospermae, monocotyledonae, and dicotyledoneae. A number of signals for positive selection exist in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthases. Thirty-nine positively selected sites in the site model and three positively selected sites in the branch-site model are detected, respectively
evolution
-
reported of the molecular evolution of positive selection sites in plant. Gene expression analysis shows that FPS genes could increase terpenoid accumulation in plants. Large-scale evolutionary analysis of farnesyl diphosphate synthase in land plants. It explores the relationship between the molecular evolution of positive selection sites and their roles in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthase. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes in plants appeared very early, and can be traced back to the bryophyte divergence to pteridophyte, which then evolves into gymnospermae, monocotyledonae, and dicotyledoneae. A number of signals for positive selection exist in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthases. Thirty-nine positively selected sites in the site model and three positively selected sites in the branch-site model are detected, respectively
evolution
-
reported of the molecular evolution of positive selection sites in plant. Gene expression analysis shows that FPS genes could increase terpenoid accumulation in plants. Large-scale evolutionary analysis of farnesyl diphosphate synthase in land plants. It explores the relationship between the molecular evolution of positive selection sites and their roles in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthase. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes in plants appeared very early, and can be traced back to the bryophyte divergence to pteridophyte, which then evolves into gymnospermae, monocotyledonae, and dicotyledoneae. A number of signals for positive selection exist in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthases. Thirty-nine positively selected sites in the site model and three positively selected sites in the branch-site model are detected, respectively
evolution
reported of the molecular evolution of positive selection sites in plant. Gene expression analysis shows that FPS genes could increase terpenoid accumulation in plants. Large-scale evolutionary analysis of farnesyl diphosphate synthase in land plants. It explores the relationship between the molecular evolution of positive selection sites and their roles in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthase. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes in plants appeared very early, and can be traced back to the bryophyte divergence to pteridophyte, which then evolves into gymnospermae, monocotyledonae, and dicotyledoneae. A number of signals for positive selection exist in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthases. Thirty-nine positively selected sites in the site model and three positively selected sites in the branch-site model are detected, respectively
evolution
reported of the molecular evolution of positive selection sites in plant. Gene expression analysis shows that FPS genes could increase terpenoid accumulation in plants. Large-scale evolutionary analysis of farnesyl diphosphate synthase in land plants. It explores the relationship between the molecular evolution of positive selection sites and their roles in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthase. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes in plants appeared very early, and can be traced back to the bryophyte divergence to pteridophyte, which then evolves into gymnospermae, monocotyledonae, and dicotyledoneae. A number of signals for positive selection exist in plant farnesyl diphosphate synthases. Thirtynine positively selected sites in the site model and three positively selected sites in the branch-site model are detected, respectively
evolution
-
Giardia and Leishmania farnesyl diphosphate synthase enzymes are phylogenetically distant but display conserved protein signatures. The nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates effect on farnesyl diphosphate synthase is more pronounced in Leishmania than Giardia. This might be due to general differences in metabolism and differences in the farnesyl diphosphate synthase catalytic site
-
malfunction
inhibition of the enzyme by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) can cause a shortage of geranyl diphosphate, farnesyl diphosphate and geranylgeranyl diphosphate, which are intermediate metabolites involved in the regulation of cellular functions and homeostasis. A shortage of farnesyl diphosphate can cause failure in the isoprenylation of proteins as well as the nuclear lamina and Rab GTPases that are anchored in the intracellular region of the plasma membrane. The nuclear lamina and Rab GTPases interfere with the vesicular transport, endocytosis and exocytosis. Deficits in the synthesis of dolichol interfere with asparagine (N)-linked glycosylation that regulates numerous cellular activities such as glycoprotein quality control, intracellular trafficking and cell-cell communications (disorganization of intracellular membranes culminating in Leishmania apoptosis)
malfunction
inhibition of the enzyme by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) can cause a shortage of geranyl diphosphate, farnesyl diphosphate and geranylgeranyl diphosphate, which are intermediate metabolites involved in the regulation of cellular functions and homeostasis. A shortage of farnesyl diphosphate can cause failure in the isoprenylation of proteins as well as the nuclear lamina and Rab GTPases that are anchored in the intracellular region of the plasma membrane. The nuclear lamina and Rab GTPases interfere with the vesicular transport, endocytosis and exocytosis. Deficits in the synthesis of dolichol interfere with asparagine (N)-linked glycosylation that regulates numerous cellular activities such as glycoprotein quality control, intracellular trafficking and cell-cell communications (disorganization of intracellular membranes culminating in Leishmania apoptosis)
malfunction
knockdown of MpFPPS1 and MpFPPS2 imposes no effect on mortality, but gene knockdown significantly increases the fecundity (no. of offspring) per aphid. Knockdown of MpFPPS1 and MpFPPS2 significantly decreases the proportion of aphid emitting cornicle droplets by 24.9% and 24.0%, respectively, in response to artificial stimulation
malfunction
knockdown of MpFPPS1 and MpFPPS2 imposes no significant cost on mortality, but gene knockdown significantly increases the fecundity (no. of offspring) per aphid. Knockdown of MpFPPS1 and MpFPPS2 significantly decreases the proportion of aphid emitting cornicle droplets by 24.9% and 24.0%, respectively, in response to artificial stimulation
malfunction
slow growth of an Escherichia coli ispA null mutant lacking farnesyl diphosphate synthase. The growth rates of ispA mutant-transformants harboring a medium-copy number plasmid that carries ispA is almost the same as that of the wild-type strain
malfunction
the blockade of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase prevents the synthesis of farnesyl diphosphate and the downstream essential products
malfunction
-
slow growth of an Escherichia coli ispA null mutant lacking farnesyl diphosphate synthase. The growth rates of ispA mutant-transformants harboring a medium-copy number plasmid that carries ispA is almost the same as that of the wild-type strain
-
malfunction
-
inhibition of the enzyme by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) can cause a shortage of geranyl diphosphate, farnesyl diphosphate and geranylgeranyl diphosphate, which are intermediate metabolites involved in the regulation of cellular functions and homeostasis. A shortage of farnesyl diphosphate can cause failure in the isoprenylation of proteins as well as the nuclear lamina and Rab GTPases that are anchored in the intracellular region of the plasma membrane. The nuclear lamina and Rab GTPases interfere with the vesicular transport, endocytosis and exocytosis. Deficits in the synthesis of dolichol interfere with asparagine (N)-linked glycosylation that regulates numerous cellular activities such as glycoprotein quality control, intracellular trafficking and cell-cell communications (disorganization of intracellular membranes culminating in Leishmania apoptosis)
-
metabolism
-
the enzyme supplies precursors for highly branched isoprenoid biosynthesis
metabolism
both FPPS genes are involved in the production of alarm pheromone EbetaF in Myzus persicae and cornicle droplet emission is closely associated with the EbetaF release in the aphid
metabolism
farnesyl diphosphate synthase is a key enzyme responsible for the supply of isoprenoid precursors for several essential metabolites, including sterols, dolichols and ubiquinone
metabolism
farnesyl diphosphate synthase is in a branching point in sterol metabolic pathways. It is a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway
metabolism
farnesyl diphosphate synthase is in a branching point in sterol metabolic pathways. It is a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway
metabolism
produces geranylgeranyl diphosphate for the synthesis of carotenoids in the chloroplast
metabolism
the bifunctional farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS/GGPPS) is a key branchpoint enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis in Plasmodium falciparum (malaria) parasites
metabolism
the enzyme catalyzes the formation of farnesyl pyrophosphate, a key intermediate for the biosynthesis of all isoprenoids
metabolism
the enzyme is a key regulator of the mevalonate pathway
metabolism
the enzyme is present in all organisms and constitutes a key enzyme within the mevalonate pathway and the isoprenoid synthesis. It catalyzes the condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to give rise to one molecule of geranyl diphosphate, which on a further reaction with another molecule of isopentenyl diphosphate forms the 15-carbon isoprenoid farnesyl diphosphate. This molecule is the obliged precursor for the biosynthesis of sterols, ubiquinones, dolichols, heme A, and prenylated proteins
metabolism
the enzyme plays a key role in the biosynthesis of the morphogenetic and gonadotropic juvenile hormone
metabolism
under environmental stresses, Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates large amounts of carotenoids. Scale of carotenoid biosynthesis depends on availability of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate precursor, which is supplied by geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase through sequential 1'-4 condensation of three isopentenyl pyrophosphates into dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. Transcription of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase genes, morphological transformation, and carotenoid biosynthesis are differentially induced by environmental stresses, while the products of the enzyme are low in vivo, implying that most of prenyl pyrophosphate flux is shunted into carotenoid biosynthesis
metabolism
-
farnesyl diphosphate synthase is a key enzyme responsible for the supply of isoprenoid precursors for several essential metabolites, including sterols, dolichols and ubiquinone
-
metabolism
-
the enzyme supplies precursors for highly branched isoprenoid biosynthesis
-
metabolism
-
the enzyme catalyzes the formation of farnesyl pyrophosphate, a key intermediate for the biosynthesis of all isoprenoids
-
metabolism
-
farnesyl diphosphate synthase is in a branching point in sterol metabolic pathways. It is a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway
-
physiological function
-
shRNA-mediated knock-down of expression results in conversion of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic tumor cell lines into Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cell activators. Knock-down cells activate Vgamma9Vdelta2 cells. Vgamma9Vdelta2 cells act as sensors of a dysregulated isoprenoid metabolism, therapeutic down-modulation of FPPS expression may be used as a tool to target tumor cells to Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cell mediated immunosurveillance
physiological function
-
twelve weeks of treatment with inhibitor alendronate attenuates the left ventricular weight to body weight ratio, hydroxyproline content, collagen deposition in the interstitia, and gene expression of atrial natriuretic peptide, B-type natriuretic peptide, and procollagen type I/III in the SHR left ventricle, all of which are significantly higher in spontaneously hypertensive rats than in control rats. Long-term treatment with inhibitor significantly reduces RhoA activation, ERK phosphorylation, and TGF-b1 expression in the spontaneously hypertensive rat left ventricle, all ofwhich were upregulated more in spontaneously hypertensive rats than in control rats
physiological function
-
the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of the monoterpenoid precursors needed for formation of the defensive compound chrysomelidial
physiological function
the enzyme regulates the volatile sesquiterpenes in wintersweet flower
physiological function
both transient and stable overexpression of geranyl(geranyl) diphosphate synthase G(G)PPS and coexpression of G(G)PPS plus geraniol synthase GES significantly enhances the accumulation of secologanin, which in turn elevates the levels of monomeric monoterpene indole alkaloids. Transgenic plants exhibit increased levels of root alkaloid ajmalicine. The dimeric alkaloid vinblastine is enhanced only in G(G)PPS but not in G(G)PPS plus GES transgenic lines, correlating with transcript levels of peroxidase PRX1 involved in coupling of vindoline and catharanthine into 3',4'-anhydrovinblastine
physiological function
both FPPS genes (MpFPPS1 and MpFPPS2) are involved in the production of alarm pheromone EbetaF in Myzus persicae and cornicle droplet emission is closely associated with the EbetaF release in the aphid
physiological function
farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase is essential for the promastigote and amastigote stages in Leishmania major
physiological function
key enzyme responsible for the supply of isoprenoid precursors for several essential metabolites, including sterols, dolichols and ubiquinone
physiological function
the enzyme performs a regulatory role in triterpene biosynthesis
physiological function
under environmental stresses, Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates large amounts of carotenoids. Scale of carotenoid biosynthesis depends on availability of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate precursor, which is supplied by geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase through sequential 1'-4 condensation of three isopentenyl pyrophosphates into dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. Transcription of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase genes, morphological transformation, and carotenoid biosynthesis are differentially induced by environmental stresses, while the products of the enzyme are low in vivo, implying that most of prenyl pyrophosphate flux is shunted into carotenoid biosynthesis
physiological function
-
key enzyme responsible for the supply of isoprenoid precursors for several essential metabolites, including sterols, dolichols and ubiquinone
-
physiological function
-
farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase is essential for the promastigote and amastigote stages in Leishmania major
-
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Takahashi, I.; Ogura, K.
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase from Bacillus subtilis
J. Biochem.
89
1581-1587
1981
Bacillus subtilis
brenda
Ogura, K.; Nishino, T.; Seto, S.
The purification of prenyltransferase and isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase of pumpkin fruit and their some properties
J. Biochem.
64
197-203
1968
Pumpkin
brenda
Green, T.R.; West, C.A.
Purification and characterization of two forms of geranyl transferase from Ricinus communis
Biochemistry
13
4720-4729
1974
Ricinus communis
brenda
Barnard, G.F.
Prenyltransferase from human liver
Methods Enzymol.
110
155-171
1985
Homo sapiens
brenda
Cornforth, J.W.; Cornforth, R.H.; Popjak, G.; Yengoyan, L.
Studies on the biosynthesis of cholesterol. XX. Steric course of decarboxylation of 5-pyrophosphomevalonate and of the carbon to carbon bond formation in the biosynthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate
J. Biol. Chem.
241
3970-3987
1966
Sus scrofa
brenda
Bartlett, D.L.; King, C.H.R.; Poulter, C.D.
Purification of farnesylpyrophosphate synthetase by affinity chromatography
Methods Enzymol.
110
171-184
1985
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Gallus gallus
brenda
Koyama, T.; Obata, S.; Saito, K.; Takeshita-Koike, A.; Ogura, K.
Structural and functional roles of the cysteine residues of Bacillus stearothermophilus farnesyl diphosphate synthase
Biochemistry
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Leishmania major (Q4QBL1), Leishmania major
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Homo sapiens (P14324), Homo sapiens
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Choristoneura fumiferana (Q1XAB1), Choristoneura fumiferana
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Homo sapiens (P14324), Homo sapiens
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Homo sapiens (P14324), Homo sapiens
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Homo sapiens (P14324), Homo sapiens
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Haematococcus lacustris (A0A0K0TQ44), Haematococcus lacustris
brenda
Park, J.; Rodionov, D.; De Schutter, J.W.; Lin, Y.S.; Tsantrizos, Y.S.; Berghuis, A.M.
Crystallographic and thermodynamic characterization of phenylaminopyridine bisphosphonates binding to human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase
PLoS ONE
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e0186447
2017
Homo sapiens (P14324), Homo sapiens
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Opassi, G.; Nordstroem, H.; Lundin, A.; Napolitano, V.; Magari, F.; Dzus, T.; Klebe, G.; Danielson, U.H.
Establishing Trypanosoma cruzi farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase as a viable target for biosensor driven fragment-based lead discovery
Protein Sci.
29
991-1003
2020
Trypanosoma cruzi (Q8WS25), Trypanosoma cruzi
brenda