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Information on EC 2.4.2.39 - xyloglucan 6-xylosyltransferase Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
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The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
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xyloglucan 6-xylosyltransferase
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Transfers an alpha-D-xylosyl residue from UDP-D-xylose to a glucose residue in xyloglucan, forming an alpha-(1->6)-D-xylosyl-D-glucose linkage
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hexosyl group transfer
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hexosyl group transfer
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xyloglucan alpha-(1,6)-xylosyltransferase activity, cell wall xyloglucan biosynthesis
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xyloglucan biosynthesis
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UDP-D-xylose:xyloglucan 6-alpha-D-xylosyltransferase
In association with EC 2.4.1.168 (xyloglucan 4-glucosyltransferase), this enzyme brings about the synthesis of xyloglucan; concurrent transfers of glucose and xylose are necessary for this synthesis.
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EC2.4.1.169
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formerly
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xyloglucan 6-alpha-D-xylosyltransferase
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xyloglucan alpha-1,6-xylosyltransferase
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xyloglucan xylosyltransferase1
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xylosyltransferase, uridine diphosphoxylose-xyloglucan 6alpha-
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XXT1
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XXT5
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XXT5
putative xyloglycan xylosylransferase
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dwarf-french-bean, cv. Canadian Wonder
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pea, cv. Alaska or Caprice
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tamarind
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UniProt
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UniProt
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UniProt
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soy bean
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malfunction
double mutants for either xxt2 or xxt5 have a large impact on XyG content, structure and size distribution; double mutants for either xxt2 or xxt5 have a large impact on XyG content, structure and size distribution; overexpression of XXT3, is able to restore XyG epitopes in xxt2, xxt5 and xxt2 xxt5 double knockouts, suggesting that it also encodes a protein with XXT activity
physiological function
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the enzyme maintains cell wall structure and tensile strength in rice
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP-D-xylose + xyloglucan
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additional information
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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reduction of xyloglucan content (reduced glucan backbone substitution with xylose) in plants that lack functional XXT5 can be complemented by transformation with recombinant XXT5
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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xylosyl-transfer is closely linked to glucosyl-transfer (EC 2.4.1.168)
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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no acceptors are cello-oligosaccharides and fragment oligosaccharides from endoglucanase digest
forms an alpha-1,6-D-xylosyl-D-glucose linkage
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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other xylosyl-acceptors are beta-1,3-glucan and xylan
forms an alpha-1,6-D-xylosyl-D-glucose linkage
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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transfers an alpha-D-xylosyl residue from UDP-D-xylose to a glucose residue in xyloglucan
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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transfers an alpha-D-xylosyl residue from UDP-D-xylose to a glucose residue in xyloglucan
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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transfers an alpha-D-xylosyl residue from UDP-D-xylose to a glucose residue in xyloglucan
forms an alpha-1,6-D-xylosyl-D-glucose linkage
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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GDP-D-glucose or GDP-D-mannose cannot replace UDPxylose
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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transfers an alpha-D-xylosyl residue from UDP-D-xylose to a glucose residue in xyloglucan
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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standard oligosaccharides for enzyme assay
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UDP-D-xylose + xyloglucan
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responsible for xyloglucan side-chain formation
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UDP-D-xylose + xyloglucan
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involved in xyloglucan biosynthesis of higher plants
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additional information
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no xylosyltransferase activity in vitro after expression in either Pichia pastoris or Sf21 insect cells using UDP-xylose and a broad range of putative acceptors
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additional information
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no xylosyltransferase activity in vitro after expression in either Pichia pastoris or Sf21 insect cells using UDP-xylose and a broad range of putative acceptors
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP-D-xylose + xyloglucan
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
Q9CA75
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reduction of xyloglucan content (reduced glucan backbone substitution with xylose) in plants that lack functional XXT5 can be complemented by transformation with recombinant XXT5
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UDP-D-xylose + (glucosyl)xyloglucan
UDP + (xylosyl-glucosyl)xyloglucan
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UDP-D-xylose + xyloglucan
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responsible for xyloglucan side-chain formation
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UDP-D-xylose + xyloglucan
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involved in xyloglucan biosynthesis of higher plants
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Ca2+
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activation, can replace Mn2+ to some extent
Co2+
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activation, can replace Mn2+ to some extent
Mg2+
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activation, can replace Mn2+ to some extent
Mg2+
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activation, can replace Mn2+ to some extent
Mn2+
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10 mM; activation
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Detergents
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no solubilization possible due to this inhibition
additional information
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no inhibition by tunicamycin, ATP or GTP
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GDP-D-mannose
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activation, protection
TDPglucose
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activation, as effective as UDPglucose, in concentrations exceeding UDPxylose
GDP-D-glucose
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about half as effective as UDPglucose, in concentrations exceeding UDPxylose; activation
GDP-D-glucose
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activation; protection
UDPglucose
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UDPglucose
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activation, xylose is effectively incorporated in the presence of UDPglucose, the transfer must be preceded by elongation of the beta-1,4-glucan-backbone, because xylosyl residues constitute the side chains, in concentrations exceeding UDPxylose, no activation by CDPglucose or ADPglucose
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additional information
additional information
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kinetic study
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6
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incorporation of xylosyl residues into polymeric acceptors
6.5 - 7
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UDPglucose + UDPxylose
6.9
assay at; assay at; assay at; assay at
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30
assay at; assay at; assay at; assay at
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high expression level, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR
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elongation region
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expressed in all major organs, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR
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high expression level, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR, shorter root hair and less root tissue xyloglucan detectable upon lack of XXT5
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silique, lowest expression level, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR
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high expression level, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR
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immunolocalization of recombinant enzyme using tag-specific antibody, predicted Golgi-resident type-II membrane protein
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complex formation in vivo and potential physical interactions among three xylosyltransferases, XXT1, XXT2, and XXT5, and a glucan synthase, CSLC4 is shown in the Golgi membrane in Arabidopsis cells; complex formation in vivo and potential physical interactions among three xylosyltransferases, XXT1, XXT2, and XXT5, and a glucan synthase, CSLC4 is shown in the Golgi membrane in Arabidopsis cells; complex formation in vivo and potential physical interactions among three xylosyltransferases, XXT1, XXT2, and XXT5, and a glucan synthase, CSLC4 is shown in the Golgi membrane in Arabidopsis cells
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51000
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predicted from primary structure
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heterodimer
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existence of heterocomplexes XXT2-XXT5 and XXT1-XXT2 are demonstrated; existence of heterocomplexes XXT2-XXT5 and XXT5-CSLC4 are demonstrated; existence of heterocomplex XXT1-XXT2 is demonstrated
homodimer
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existence of homocomplex XXT2-XXT2 is shown
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DTT, 1 mM, EDTA, 1 mM, sucrose, 0.4 M, bovine serum albumin, 0.1%, stabilize
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0°C, crude membrane-bound enzyme preparation, 1 day
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expressed in Escherichia coli as a truncated protein lacking the N-terminal transmembrane domain as GST-fusion protein; expressed in Escherichia coli as a truncated protein lacking the N-terminal transmembrane domain as GST-fusion protein; expressed in Escherichia coli as a truncated protein lacking the N-terminal transmembrane domain as GST-fusion protein; expressed in Escherichia coli as a truncated protein lacking the N-terminal transmembrane domain as GST-fusion protein
in pENTR/D-TOPO downstream of cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter for recombination with pEarleyGate 201 and Agrobacterium tumefacies strain GV3101-mediated transformation (floral-flip), expression with hemagglutinin (HA) tag
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XXT1_ORYSI
448
51646
Swiss-Prot
XXT1_ORYSJ
448
51646
Swiss-Prot
XXT2_ARATH
461
53095
Swiss-Prot
XXT3_ARATH
457
52367
Swiss-Prot
XXT4_ARATH
513
58314
Swiss-Prot
XXT5_ARATH
457
51728
Swiss-Prot
XXT1_ARATH
460
53382
Swiss-Prot
B9RLV1_RICCO
454
51708
TrEMBL
B9RI53_RICCO
424
49014
TrEMBL
A0A0B2SFD1_GLYSO
430
49710
TrEMBL
A0A0B2QY05_GLYSO
324
37581
TrEMBL
A0A151SL58_CAJCA
Cajanus indicus
452
51960
TrEMBL
A0A151SL58_CAJCA
452
51960
TrEMBL
A0A0B2QJM6_GLYSO
190
22142
TrEMBL
A0A0B2SWQ4_GLYSO
251
29632
TrEMBL
A0A0B2QAD4_GLYSO
249
29305
TrEMBL
A0A0B2RTC9_GLYSO
417
48718
TrEMBL
A0A0B2PK28_GLYSO
170
19150
TrEMBL
B9SH21_RICCO
446
52192
TrEMBL
Q2P9N6_PHYPA
454
52410
TrEMBL
A0A0B2QJI3_GLYSO
268
31776
TrEMBL
Q2P9N5_PHYPA
408
46804
TrEMBL
B9RT50_RICCO
461
53466
TrEMBL
A0A0B2Q3P3_GLYSO
323
37525
TrEMBL
CSLC4_ARATH
673
77516
Swiss-Prot
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Hayashi, T.; Koyama, T.; Matsuda, K.
Formation of UDP-xylose and xyloglucan in soybean Golgi membranes
Plant Physiol.
87
341-345
1988
Glycine max
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Hayashi, T.; Matsuda, K.
Biosynthesis of xyloglucan in suspension-cultured soybean cells. Occurrence and some properties of xyloglucan 4-beta-D-glucosyltransferase and 6-alpha-D-xylosyltransferase
J. Biol. Chem.
256
11117-11122
1981
Glycine max
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White, A.R.; Xin, Y.; Pezeshk, V.
Xyloglucan glucosyltransferase in Golgi membranes from Pisum sativum (pea)
Biochem. J.
294
231-238
1993
Pisum sativum
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Hayashi, T.; Matsuda, K.
Biosynthesis of xyloglucan in suspension-cultured soybean cells. Evidence that the enzyme system of xyloglucan synthesis does not contain beta-1,4-glucan 4-beta-glucosyltransferase activity (EC 2.4.1.12)
Plant Cell Physiol.
22
1571-1584
1981
Glycine max
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Marry, M.; Cavalier, D.M.; Schnurr, J.K.; Netland, J.; Yang, Z.; Pezeshk, V.; York, W.S.; Pauly, M.; White, A.R.
Structural characterization of chemically and enzymatically derived standard oligosaccharides isolated from partially purified tamarind xyloglucan
Carbohydr. Polym.
51
347-356
2002
Tamarindus indica
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Campbell, R.E.; Brett, C.T.; Hillman, J.R.
A xylosyltransferase involved in the synthesis of a protein-associated xyloglucan in suspension-cultured dwarf-French-bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cells and its interaction with a glucosyltransferase
Biochem. J.
253
795-800
1988
Phaseolus vulgaris
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Zabotina, O.A.; van de Ven, W.T.; Freshour, G.; Drakakaki, G.; Cavalier, D.; Mouille, G.; Hahn, M.G.; Keegstra, K.; Raikhel, N.V.
Arabidopsis XXT5 gene encodes a putative alpha-1,6-xylosyltransferase that is involved in xyloglucan biosynthesis
Plant J.
56
101-115
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9CA75)
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Vuttipongchaikij, S.; Brocklehurst, D.; Steele-King, C.; Ashford, D.A.; Gomez, L.D.; McQueen-Mason, S.J.
Arabidopsis GT34 family contains five xyloglucan alpha-1,6-xylosyltransferases
New Phytol.
195
585-595
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana (O22775), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9CA75), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LJP4), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LZJ3)
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Chou, Y.H.; Pogorelko, G.; Zabotina, O.A.
Xyloglucan xylosyltransferases XXT1, XXT2, and XXT5 and the glucan synthase CSLC4 form Golgi-localized multiprotein complexes
Plant Physiol.
159
1355-1366
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana (O22775), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9CA75), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LZJ3)
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Wang, C.; Li, S.; Ng, S.; Zhang, B.; Zhou, Y.; Whelan, J.; Wu, P.; Shou, H.
Mutation in xyloglucan 6-xylosytransferase results in abnormal root hair development in Oryza sativa
J. Exp. Bot.
65
4149-4157
2014
Oryza sativa
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