3'–5'-exonuclease, ABO4/POL2a/TIL1, Afu polymerase, ASFV DNA polymerase, ASFV Pol X, B-family replicative DNA polymerase, beta type DNA polymerase, Bst DNA polymerase, CpDNApolI, DBH, Dbh DNA polymerase, Dbh polymerase, ddNTP-sensitive DNA polymerase, Deep Vent DNA polymerase, DeepVent DNA polymerase, deoxynucleate polymerase, deoxyribonucleate nucleotidyltransferase, deoxyribonucleic acid duplicase, deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase, deoxyribonucleic duplicase, deoxyribonucleic polymerase, deoxyribonucleic polymerase I, DinB DNA polymerase, DinB homologue, Dmpol zeta, DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase, DNA duplicase, DNA nucleotidyltransferase, DNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed), DNA pol, DNA pol B1, DNA Pol eta, DNA Pol lambda, DNA pol NI, DNA pol Y1, DNA polmerase beta, DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase 1, DNA polymerase 2, DNA polymerase 4, DNA polymerase A, DNA polymerase alpha, DNA polymerase B, DNA polymerase B1, DNA polymerase B2, DNA polymerase B3, DNA polymerase beta, DNA polymerase D, DNA polymerase Dbh, DNA polymerase delta, DNA polymerase Dpo4, DNA polymerase epsilon, DNA polymerase eta, DNA polymerase gamma, DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase II, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase III epsilon subunit, DNA polymerase iota, DNA polymerase IV, DNA polymerase kappa, DNA polymerase lambda, DNA polymerase mu, DNA polymerase ny, DNA polymerase pyrococcus kodakaraensis, DNA polymerase theta, DNA polymerase V, DNA polymerase X, DNA polymerase zeta, DNA polymerases B, DNA polymerases D, DNA polymmerase I, DNA primase-polymerase, DNA replicase, DNA replication polymerase, DNA-dependent DNA polymerase, DNAP, DP1Pho, DP2Pho, Dpo1, Dpo2, Dpo3, Dpo4, Dpo4 polymerase, Dpo4-like enzyme, duplicase, error-prone DNA polymerase, error-prone DNA polymerase X, family B-type DNA polymerase, hoPolD, HSV 1 POL, Igni_0062, K4 polymerase, K4pol, K4PolI, kDNA replication protein, KDO XL DNA polymerase, KF(exo-), KF-, Klenow fragment, Klenow-like DNA polymerase I, KOD DNA polymerases, lesion-bypass DNA polymerase, M1 DNA polymerase, M1pol, MacDinB-1, MA_4027, Miranda pol beta protein, mitochondrial DNA polymerase, Mka polB, More, MsDpo4, mtDNA polymerase NI, mtDNA replicase, Neq DNA polymerase, non-replicative DNA polymerase III, nucleotidyltransferase, deoxyribonucleate, OsPOLP1, PabPol D, PabpolB, PabpolD, Pfu, Pfu DNA polymerase, Pfu Pol, Pfu-POl, PH0121, PH0123, phi29 DNA polymerase, phi29 DNApol, PhoPolD, phPol D, Pol, pol alpha, Pol B, Pol B1, pol beta, Pol BI, pol delta, pol E, POl epsilon, Pol eta, Pol gamma, Pol I, Pol II, pol III, pol iota, Pol IV, pol kappa, pol kappaDELTAC, Pol lambda, Pol mu, pol NI, Pol ny, Pol theta, Pol V, pol Vent (exo-), Pol X, Pol zeta, Pol-beta, POL1, Pol2, POL2a, Pol3, Pol31, PolB, POlB1, polbeta, polD, POLD4, Poldelta, POLdelta1, PolDPho, Polepsilon, Poleta, POLG, PolH, polI, POLIB, POLIC, POLID, poliota, Polkappa, PolX, PolY, poly iota, polymerase alpha catalytic subunit A, polymerase III, pORF30, Pwo DNA polymerase, R2 polymerase, R2 reverse transcriptase, R2-RT, RAD30, RB69 DdDp, RB69 DNA Polymerase, RB69pol, Rec1, repair polymerase, replicative DNA polymerase, reverse transcriptase, RKOD DNA polymerase, Rv1537, Rv3056, Saci_0554, sequenase, Sso, Sso DNA pol B1, Sso DNA pol Y1, Sso DNA polymerase Y1, Sso DNApol, Sso pol B1, SSO0552, SSO2448, SsoDpo1, SsoPolB1, SsoPolY, Szi DNA polymerase, T4 DNA polymerase, T7 DNA polymerase, Taq DNA polymerase, Taq Pol I, Taq polymerase, Tba5 DNA polymerase, Tca DNA polymerase, Tga PolB, TGAM_RS07365, Tkod-Pol, translesion DNA polymerase, translesion DNA synthesis polymerase, translesion polymerase Dpo4, UL30/UL42, UmuD'2C, UmuD'2C-RecA-ATP, Vent polymerase, X family DANN polymerase, Y-family DNA polymerase eta
three genes encoding proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-like sequences are identified in the genome of Aeropyrum pernix. The genes are cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and the gene products are analyzed. All three proliferating cell nuclear antigen homologs stimulate the primer extension activities of the two DNA polymerases, polymerase I (Pol I) and Pol II in Aeropyrum pernix to various extents. Aeropyrum pernix PCNA 3 (ApePCNA3) provides a most remarkable effect on both Pol I and Pol II
three genes encoding proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-like sequences are identified in the genome of Aeropyrum pernix. The genes are cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and the gene products are analyzed. All three proliferating cell nuclear antigen homologs stimulate the primer extension activities of the two DNA polymerases, polymerase I (Pol I) and Pol II in Aeropyrum pernix to various extents. Aeropyrum pernix PCNA 3 (ApePCNA3) provides a most remarkable effect on both Pol I and Pol II
pol III can repair short gaps created by nuclease in duplex DNA, for efficient replication of the long, single-stranded templates pol III requires auxiliary subunits beta, gamma and delta
stimulates strand displacement activity, DEN1 processes nicked DNA, thus removing a barrier to Pol lambda DNA synthesis. It results in a one-nucleotide gapped DNA molecule that is a favorite substrate of Pol lambda
DNA polymerase V is activated by a RecA nucleoprotein filament, RecA transfers a single RecA-ATP stoichiometrically from its DNA 3'-end to free pol V (UmuD'2C) to form an active mutasome with the composition UmuD'2C-RecA-ATP
SSB protein, Pol V has intrinsically weak DNA polymerase activity, but its catalytic activity can be stimulated in vitro in the presence the beta-processivity clamp, RecA protein bound to ssDNA, and single-stranded-binding protein
interaction with monoubiquitylated proliferating cell nuclear antigen is necessary for biological activity and is required for translesion synthesis past UV photoproducts by Poleta
PCNA, Pol delta requires the DNA sliding clamp for highly processive enzyme activity. Pol delta interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA, through multiple interactions
PCNA, the interaction between pol delta and PCNA is mediated predominantly by the p50 accessory subunit of pol delta and not the p125 catalytic subunit
DNA synthesis by any of the DNA polymerases alone is not very processive. The addition of proliferating cell nuclear antigen slightly increases primer extension only by DNA polymerase Dpo4 but not by DNA polymerase Dpo1, Dpo2, or Dpo3. Both proliferating cell nuclear antigen and replication factor C enhance primer extension substantially in the cases of DNA polymerase Dpo1, Dpo3, and Dpo4 (which generate much longer extension products up to about 150-, 65-, and 150-mers, respectively) but very weakly with DNA polymerase Dpo2, which generates slightly more products of similar length up to about 80-mers. The addition of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, replication factor C, and single-stranded binding protein strongly increases DNA polymerization by Dpo1 and Dpo4, which yields extended products, mainly up to about 500-mers and 300-mers, respectively. An increase of the processivity of DNA synthesis in the presence of all accessory replication factors is the most prominent with Dpo1 and also with Dpo4
RF-A, multisubunit single-stranded DNA-binding protein, functions as an auxiliary protein for both polymerases alpha and delta, required for initiation and elongation stages of in vitro SV40 DNA replication
RF-A, multisubunit single-stranded DNA-binding protein, functions as an auxiliary protein for both polymerases alpha and delta, required for initiation and elongation stages of in vitro SV40 DNA replication
RF-A, multisubunit single-stranded DNA-binding protein, functions as an auxiliary protein for both polymerases alpha and delta, required for initiation and elongation stages of in vitro SV40 DNA replication
RF-A, multisubunit single-stranded DNA-binding protein, functions as an auxiliary protein for both polymerases alpha and delta, required for initiation and elongation stages of in vitro SV40 DNA replication
RF-A, multisubunit single-stranded DNA-binding protein, functions as an auxiliary protein for both polymerases alpha and delta, required for initiation and elongation stages of in vitro SV40 DNA replication
RF-A, multisubunit single-stranded DNA-binding protein, functions as an auxiliary protein for both polymerases alpha and delta, required for initiation and elongation stages of in vitro SV40 DNA replication
RF-C, multisubunit protein complex with primer/template binding and DNA-dependent ATPase activity, has a profound effect on leading-strand DNA synthesis
RF-C, multisubunit protein complex with primer/template binding and DNA-dependent ATPase activity, has a profound effect on leading-strand DNA synthesis
RF-C, multisubunit protein complex with primer/template binding and DNA-dependent ATPase activity, has a profound effect on leading-strand DNA synthesis
RF-C, multisubunit protein complex with primer/template binding and DNA-dependent ATPase activity, has a profound effect on leading-strand DNA synthesis
RF-C, multisubunit protein complex with primer/template binding and DNA-dependent ATPase activity, has a profound effect on leading-strand DNA synthesis
both proliferating cell nuclear antigen and replication factor C enhance primer extension substantially in the cases of DNA polymerase Dpo1, Dpo3, and Dpo4 (which generate much longer extension products up to about 150-, 65-, and 150-mers, respectively) but very weakly with DNA polymerase Dpo2, which generates slightly more products of similar length up to about 80-mers. The addition of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, replication factor C, and single-stranded binding protein strongly increases DNA polymerization by Dpo1 and Dpo4, which yields extended products, mainly up to about 500-mers and 300-mers, respectively. An increase of the processivity of DNA synthesis in the presence of all accessory replication factors (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, replication factor C, and single-stranded binding protein) is the most prominent with Dpo1 and also with Dpo4
RF-C, multisubunit protein complex with primer/template binding and DNA-dependent ATPase activity, has a profound effect on leading-strand DNA synthesis
an increase of the processivity of DNA synthesis in the presence of all accessory replication factors (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, replication factor C, and single-stranded binding protein) is the most prominent with Dpo1 and also with Dpo4 as compared with DNA polymerase Dpo2 and Dpo3
an increase of the processivity of DNA synthesis in the presence of all accessory replication factors (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, replication factor C, and single-stranded binding protein) is the most prominent with Dpo1 and also with Dpo4 as compared woth DNA polymerase Dpo2 and Dpo3
two factors are essential for efficient Pol V-mediated lesion bypass: 1. a DNA substrate onto which the beta-clamp is stably loaded and 2. an extended single-stranded RecA/ATP filament assembled downstream from the lesion site. For efficient bypass, Pol V needs to interact simultaneously with the beta-clamp and the 3' tip of the RecA filament
the DNA polymerase V is comprised by the UmuD'2C protein complex. Pol V activity depends on the beta-clamp and gamma-clamp loaders UmuC and UmuD'2, overview. Pol V shows robust activity on an SSB-coated circular DNA template in the presence of the beta/gamma-complex and a RecA nucleoprotein filament formed in trans
transcription from the promoter of the dinB gene is not significantly influenced by the DNA damage-inducing agent mitomycin C, thus mechanisms different from the classical RecA-dependent SOS response elevate Pol IV-dependent mutagenesis in starving Pseudomonas putida cells