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evolution
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unrooted relationship tree of MPG proteins from various organisms, phylogenetic analysis, overview
evolution
four members of GMP gene family are encoded in the tomato genome, which constitutively expressed in various tissues in distinct expression patterns
evolution
the enzyme belongs to the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase type 2 family
evolution
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the enzyme belongs to the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase type 2 family
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evolution
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the enzyme belongs to the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase type 2 family
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malfunction
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the ascorbic acid-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana mutant vtc1-1 is defective in GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase and exhibits conditional hypersensitivity to ammonium, a phenomenon that is independent of ascorbic acid deficiency. Defective N-glycosylation in vtc1-1 contributes to cell wall, membrane and cell cycle defects, resulting in root growth inhibition in the presence of NH4+, GDP-mannose deficiency does not generally lead to and is not the primary cause of NH4+ sensitivity. GDP-mannose deficiency results in an up-regulation of ER stress genes, enhanced programmed cell death and defective cell cycle proliferation in vtc1-1 triggered by NH4+, overview. Root development in the presence of NH4+ is fully recovered in vtc1-1 containing one wild-type copy of VTC1
malfunction
enzyme deficiency leads to reduced alpha-dystroglycan glycosylation in the muscle biopsies of affected individuals and in available fibroblasts. Mutations in GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase B (GMPPB) can result in muscular dystrophy variants with hypoglycosylated alpha-dystroglycan. Overexpression of wild-type GMPPB in fibroblasts from an affected individual partially restores glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan in muscle. Five of the identified missense mutations cause formation of aggregates in the cytoplasm or near membrane protrusions. Enzyme mutant phenotypes with brain and muscle abnormalities, overview
malfunction
overexpression of OsVTC1-8 does not restore the ascorbic acid synthesis of the vtc1-1 mutant in Arabidopsis
malfunction
reducing ascorbic acid leads to leaf lesion and defence response in knock-down of the ascorbic acid biosynthetic enzyme GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase gene in tomato plant. Constitutive overexpression of SlGMP3 increases the total ascorbic acid contents in the fully expanded leaves and red ripe fruits, with enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress in SlGMP3 overexpressing plants. In SlGMP2/3-knockdown lines, the total ascorbic acid contents in leaves, immature green fruits, and breaker fruits decrease dramatically. With the developments of fruit, the ascorbic acid levels increase up to 46% in breaker stage compared with immature green stage in wild-type plants, whereas no major difference is observed between two stages of SlGMP2/3-knockdown lines. In SlGMP2/3-knockdown transgenic line KD17, SlGME2 and SlGGP1 are significantly up-regulated (over one fold) compared with the wild-type plants. The spontaneous lesions on the leaves of SlGMP2/3-knockdown plants develop in a similar manner as a hypersensitive response after pathogen attack. Impairment of the photosynthetic system in SlGMP2/3-knockdown plants, overview
malfunction
the lack of a functional bceA gene does not affect exopolysaccharide production yield in a non-polar insertion bceA mutant. The in silico search for putative bceA homologues reveals the presence of 2-5 bceA orthologues in the Burkholderia genomes available. This suggests that in Burkholderia cepacia IST408 putative bceA functional homologues may compensate the bceA mutation
malfunction
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the lack of a functional bceA gene does not affect exopolysaccharide production yield in a non-polar insertion bceA mutant. The in silico search for putative bceA homologues reveals the presence of 2-5 bceA orthologues in the Burkholderia genomes available. This suggests that in Burkholderia cepacia IST408 putative bceA functional homologues may compensate the bceA mutation
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malfunction
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the ascorbic acid-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana mutant vtc1-1 is defective in GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase and exhibits conditional hypersensitivity to ammonium, a phenomenon that is independent of ascorbic acid deficiency. Defective N-glycosylation in vtc1-1 contributes to cell wall, membrane and cell cycle defects, resulting in root growth inhibition in the presence of NH4+, GDP-mannose deficiency does not generally lead to and is not the primary cause of NH4+ sensitivity. GDP-mannose deficiency results in an up-regulation of ER stress genes, enhanced programmed cell death and defective cell cycle proliferation in vtc1-1 triggered by NH4+, overview. Root development in the presence of NH4+ is fully recovered in vtc1-1 containing one wild-type copy of VTC1
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metabolism
the enzyme catalyzes a step in the mannose activation pathways and glycoconjugate biosynthesis in Leishmania, overview
metabolism
enzyme OsVTC1-1 and OsVTC1-3 have higher GMPase activities than enzyme OsVTC1-8 in vitro. Only OsVTC1-1 and OsVTC1-3 are involved in ascorbic acid synthesis in rice
metabolism
GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase which catalyzes the conversion of D-mannose-1-P to GDP-D-mannose in AsA biosynthetic pathway. GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase is a vital enzyme in the Smirnoff-Wheeler's pathway for the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in plants
metabolism
the enzyme is involved in L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis in plants
metabolism
isoform VTC1-1 is involved in ascorbic acid synthesis in rice leaves
metabolism
isoform VTC1-3 is involved in ascorbic acid synthesis in rice roots
metabolism
the bceA gene is part of the exopolysaccharide biosynthetic cluster
metabolism
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the bceA gene is part of the exopolysaccharide biosynthetic cluster
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physiological function
essential in bloodstream-form
physiological function
the enzyme catalyzes the formation of GDP-Man, a fundamental precursor for protein glycosylation and bacterial cell wall and capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis
physiological function
the GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase is involved in glycosylation and essential for amastigote survival
physiological function
in VTC1-1 RNAi plants, the ascorbic acid content of rice leaves decreases, and the ascorbic acid production induced by light is limited. The overexpression of isoform VTC1-1 or OsVTC1-3 restores the ascorbic acid synthesis of a vtc1-1 mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function
VTC1-3 RNAi lines alter ascorbic acid synthesis levels in rice roots, but not in the leaves or under the light/dark treatment. The overexpression of isooform VTC1-1 or OsVTC1-3 restores the ascorbic acid synthesis of a vtc1-1 mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function
enzyme OsVTC1-1 may be involved in the ascorbic acid synthesis, which takes place in leaves. Overexpression of OsVTC1-1 restores the ascorbic acid synthesis of the vtc1-1 mutant in Arabidopsis
physiological function
enzyme OsVTC1-3 may be responsible for ascorbic acid synthesis in roots. Overexpression of OsVTC1-3 restores the ascorbic acid synthesis of the vtc1-1 mutant in Arabidopsis
physiological function
knockdown of GMPPB in zebrafish causes structural muscle defects with decreased motility, eye abnormalities, and reduced glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan
physiological function
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over-expression of isoform Gmp3 increases total L-ascorbic acid contents and enhances the tolerance to oxidative stress in tomato. Knock-down of Gmp3 significantly decreases L-ascorbic acid contents below the threshold level and alters the phenotype of tomato plants with lesions and further senescence. This symptom could result from failing to instantly deplete the reactive oxygen species as decline of free radical scavenging activity. More reactive oxygen species accumulate in the leaves and then trigger expressions of defence-related genes. Symptoms occur on the leaves similar to hypersensitive responses against pathogens
physiological function
the enzyme catalyzes the formation of GDP-mannose from GTP and mannose-1-phosphate. GDP-mannose is required for O-mannosylation of proteins, including alpha-dystroglycan, and it is the substrate of cytosolic mannosyltransferases
physiological function
the overexpression of VTC1-1 restores the ascorbic acid synthesis of a VTC1-1 mutant in Arabidopsis. In VTC1-1 RNAi plants, the ascorbic acid content of rice leaves decreases, and the ascorbic acid production induced by light is limited
physiological function
the overexpression of VTC1-3 restores the ascorbic acid synthesis of a VTC1-1 mutant in Arabidopsis. Isoform VTC1-3 RNAi lines alter ascorbic acid synthesis levels in rice roots, but not in the leaves or under the light/dark treatment
physiological function
over-expression of GMP3 increases total ascorbate contents and enhances the tolerance to oxidative stress in tomato. Knock-down of GMP3 significantly decreases ascorbate contents below the threshold level and alters the phenotype of tomato plants with lesions and further senescence. In the mutant, reactive oxygen species accumulate in the leaves and then trigger expressions of defence-related genes. The photosynthesis rate of leaves falls dramatically
physiological function
the enzyme is involved in cepacian production yield and rheological properties and in the size of biofilms formed
physiological function
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the enzyme is involved in cepacian production yield and rheological properties and in the size of biofilms formed
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physiological function
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the enzyme catalyzes the formation of GDP-Man, a fundamental precursor for protein glycosylation and bacterial cell wall and capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis
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additional information
a common motif of amino acids binds to the mannose moiety of the substrate and is specific to the catalytic site of the parasite enzyme, molecular dynamics and homology modeling, overview. Sequence comparison to the human enzyme
additional information
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a common motif of amino acids binds to the mannose moiety of the substrate and is specific to the catalytic site of the parasite enzyme, molecular dynamics and homology modeling, overview. Sequence comparison to the human enzyme
additional information
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OsMPG1 is able to provide tolerance towards salinity stress at the seedling level when overexpressed in tobacco plants
additional information
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overexpression of GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in red fruits of Solanum lycopersicum enhances L-ascorbate levels
additional information
overexpression of GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase in red fruits of Solanum lycopersicum enhances L-ascorbate levels
additional information
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the C-6 hydroxy group of the alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate substrate is not required for binding to the enzyme
additional information
the enzyme has two separate domains: a N-terminal Rossman fold-like domain and a C-terminal left-handed beta-helix domain. Two molecules associate into a dimer through a tail-to-tail arrangement of the C-terminal domains. Substrate and product binding are associated with significant changes in the conformation of loop regions lining the active center and in the relative orientation of the two domains, active site structure, overview
additional information
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the enzyme has two separate domains: a N-terminal Rossman fold-like domain and a C-terminal left-handed beta-helix domain. Two molecules associate into a dimer through a tail-to-tail arrangement of the C-terminal domains. Substrate and product binding are associated with significant changes in the conformation of loop regions lining the active center and in the relative orientation of the two domains, active site structure, overview
additional information
the sugar-1-phosphate nucleotidylyltransferase activity is located in the region from the N-terminus to the 345th residue, the Man-1-P GTase activity is located in the C-terminal 114 residue region of the PH0925 protein, the phosphomannose isomerase requires the the C-terminal 14 residues
additional information
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the sugar-1-phosphate nucleotidylyltransferase activity is located in the region from the N-terminus to the 345th residue, the Man-1-P GTase activity is located in the C-terminal 114 residue region of the PH0925 protein, the phosphomannose isomerase requires the the C-terminal 14 residues
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additional information
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overexpression of GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase in red fruits of Solanum lycopersicum enhances L-ascorbate levels
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additional information
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the sugar-1-phosphate nucleotidylyltransferase activity is located in the region from the N-terminus to the 345th residue, the Man-1-P GTase activity is located in the C-terminal 114 residue region of the PH0925 protein, the phosphomannose isomerase requires the the C-terminal 14 residues
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additional information
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the enzyme has two separate domains: a N-terminal Rossman fold-like domain and a C-terminal left-handed beta-helix domain. Two molecules associate into a dimer through a tail-to-tail arrangement of the C-terminal domains. Substrate and product binding are associated with significant changes in the conformation of loop regions lining the active center and in the relative orientation of the two domains, active site structure, overview
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