2.3.1.37: 5-aminolevulinate synthase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about 5-aminolevulinate synthase, go to the full flat file.

Reaction

Synonyms

5-ALA synthase, 5-ALAS, 5-aminolevulinate synthase, 5-aminolevulinate synthetase, 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase, 5-aminolevulinic acid synthetase, ALA, ALA synthase, ALA synthetase, ALA-S, ALAS, ALAS2, alpha-aminolevulinic acid synthase, aminolevulinate synthase, aminolevulinate synthase 2, aminolevulinate synthetase, aminolevulinic acid synthase, aminolevulinic acid synthase 2, aminolevulinic acid synthetase, aminolevulinic synthetase, delta-ALAS, delta-aminolevulinate synthase, delta-aminolevulinate synthetase, delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase, delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase 2, delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase, delta-aminolevulinic synthetase, erythroid 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific 5-aminolevulinate synthase, Hem1, hemA, HemT, mALAS-2, sigma-aminolevulinate synthase, synthase, aminolevulinate, synthetase, aminolevulinate

ECTree

     2 Transferases

         2.3 Acyltransferases

             2.3.1 Transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups

                2.3.1.37 5-aminolevulinate synthase

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Results	in table
34	Activating Compound
9466	AA Sequence
14	Application
1	CAS Registry Number
44	Cloned(Commentary)
117	Cofactor
2	Crystallization (Commentary)
765	Disease/ Diagnostics
17	Expression
23	General Information
14	General Stability
244	Inhibitors
83	kcat/KM [mM/s]
10	Ki Value [mM]
226	KM Value [mM]
53	Localization
17	Metals/Ions
74	Molecular Weight [Da]
80	Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
337	Organism
1	Oxidation Stability
8	Pathway
76	PDB ID
31	pH Optimum
4	pH Range
3	pH Stability
4	Posttranslational Modification
100	Protein Variants
47	Purification (Commentary)
49	Reaction
13	Reaction Type
156	Reference
1	Renatured (Commentary)
109	Source Tissue
45	Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
17	Storage Stability
220	Substrates and Products (Substrate)
45	Subunits
104	Synonyms
1	Systematic Name
19	Temperature Optimum [°C]
15	Temperature Stability [°C]
90	Turnover Number [1/s]

Application

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Application on EC 2.3.1.37 - 5-aminolevulinate synthase

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APPLICATION

ORGANISM

UNIPROT

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

agriculture

Bradyrhizobium japonicum

-

with high irradiance, transgenic rice lines P5 and P14 expressing 5-aminolevulinate synthase show a decrease in contents of chlorophyll and the chloroplast-encoded gene psbA mRNA, whereas a decrease in light-harvesting Chl-binding proteins is observed only in P14. These effects are not observed in the wild-type or all of the lines treated with low irradiance. High irradiance results in a greater decrease in the quantum yield of photosystem 2 and a greater increase in nonphotochemical quenching in the transgenic lines, particularly in P14. Photoprotective zeaxanthin contents increase at high irradiance, even though carotenoid contents are lower in the transgenic lines. When exposed to high irradiance, superoxide dismutase greatly increased in transgenic lines P5 and P14, but peroxidase and glutathione reductase increases only in P14, in which more photodynamic damage occurrs

706104

biotechnology

Acidipropionibacterium acidipropionici

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Propionibacterium acidipropionici TISTR442 produce the highest amount of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) when cultivated in medium supplemented with glycine at 18 g/l. This optimal condition for ALA production via the addition of glycine provides an easy and low-cost technique for themass cultivation of Propionibacterium acidipropionici

720074

medicine

5 entries

nutrition

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

-

enzyme expressed in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants demonstrate functional complementation in the chlorophyll biosynthesis and open strategies for producing tolerance against inhibitors of the C5 pathway

486854

pharmacology

Plasmodium falciparum

-

enzyme is a target for drug development because of its immunological and inhibitor specificity

486860

synthesis

5 entries

medicine

Homo sapiens

-

three-dimensional structural model of enzyme, mapping of a range of human mutants that give rise to X-linked sideroblastic anemia

661232

medicine

Homo sapiens

-

hypoxia induces the expression of TGF-beta1 and mitoferrin mRNAs through separate mechanisms in erythroid cells. TGF-beta1 subsequently induces erythroidspecific 5-aminolevulinate synthase ALAS2 expression

703635

medicine

Mus musculus

-

in mouse model of erythropoietic protoporphyria, isoflurane induces 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity and increases excretion of porphyrin precursors. Mice homozygotically lacking ferrochelatase activity and receiving anaestesia show enhanced 5-aminolevulinate synthase and Cyp2E1 activities in the liver and increased urinary excretion of porphyrin precursors

703125

medicine

Homo sapiens

-

the relative expression of ALAS1 mRNA, the first and rate-limiting enzyme for heme biosynthesis under normal physiological conditions, is significantly reduced by nearly 90% in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to control. The relative expression of porphobilinogen deaminase mRNA, the third enzyme in the heme synthesis pathway and a secondary rate-limiting enzyme in heme biosynthesis, is also significantly reduced by nearly 60% in brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease and significantly related to apolipoprotein E genotype. The relative expression of aminolevulinate dehydratase mRNA, the second and a non-rate-limiting enzyme for heme biosynthesis, is unchanged between the two groups

705917

medicine

Mus musculus

P08680

delivery of stable and highly active ALAS2 variants has the potential to expand and improve upon current photodynamic therapies regimes

737145

synthesis

Cereibacter sphaeroides

-

optimization of recombinant aminolevulinate synthase production using factorial design. Initial succinate, glucose, and IPTG concentration are key factors affecting enzyme activity. Fermentation yields up to 5.2 g/l 5-aminolevulinate

660773

synthesis

Escherichia coli

-

production of 5-aminolevulinic acid by a genetic engineering. As glycine and succinate are inexpensive, the enzymatic production of 5-aminolevulinic acid from glycine and succinate might be an attractive process

677263

synthesis

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

-

by expression in Escherichia coli Rosetta and combining D-xylose as a inhibitor for 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase with D-glucose in fed-batch culture and based on the optimal culture system, the yield of 5-aminolevulinate achieved is 7.3 g/l or 56 mM under the appropriate conditions

691351

synthesis

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

-

in Escherichia coli expressing 5-aminolevulinate synthase, increasing D-glucose concentration in culture enhances final cell density and 5-aminolevulinate yield and simultaneously decreases the activities of 5-aminolevulinate synthase and 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase. The inhibitory effect of D-glucose on 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity is relieved with the metabolism of D-glucose. A final extracellular 5-aminolevulinate concentration of 3.1 g/l can be reached by feeding with D-glucose

701767

synthesis

Rhodopseudomonas palustris

-

production of 5-aminolevulinate by recombinant Escherichia coli. Terrific broth medium results in significantly higher cell growth and 5-aminolevulinate production than Luria-Bertani medium. 5-Aminolevulinate production is significantly enhanced by the addition of succinate together with glycine in the medium. Maximal 5-aminolevulinate production of 2.5 g/l is observed upon the addition of D-glucose as an 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase inhibitor in the late-log culture phase and maintenance of a pH value of 6.5

705080