2.1.1.5: betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.1.1.5
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2.1.1.5
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cystathionine
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s-adenosylmethionine
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choline
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folate
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remethylation
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hyperhomocysteinemia
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s-adenosylhomocysteine
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adenosyltransferase
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n-methyltransferase
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one-carbon
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beta-synthase
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dimethylglycine
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transsulfuration
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methylenetetrahydrofolate
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5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine
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transmethylation
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medicine
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mthfd1
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guanidinoacetate
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homocysteine-induced
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folate-dependent
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homocystinuria
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5-methyltetrahydrofolate
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transcobalamin
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b-vitamins
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slc19a1
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hypotaurine
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molecular biology
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analysis
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nutrition
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food industry
- 2.1.1.5
- cystathionine
- s-adenosylmethionine
- choline
- folate
-
remethylation
- hyperhomocysteinemia
- s-adenosylhomocysteine
-
adenosyltransferase
- n-methyltransferase
-
one-carbon
- beta-synthase
- dimethylglycine
-
transsulfuration
- methylenetetrahydrofolate
-
5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine
-
transmethylation
- medicine
- mthfd1
- guanidinoacetate
-
homocysteine-induced
-
folate-dependent
- homocystinuria
- 5-methyltetrahydrofolate
-
transcobalamin
-
b-vitamins
-
slc19a1
- hypotaurine
- molecular biology
- analysis
- nutrition
- food industry
Reaction
Synonyms
betaine homocysteine methyltransferase, betaine homocysteine methyltransferase-1, betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase, betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase, betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase, betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2, betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase-2, betaine-homocysteine transmethylase, betaine:homocysteine methyltransferase, betaine:homocysteine S-methyltransferase, BHMT, BHMT-1, BHMT-2, BHMT1, BHMT2, methyltransferase, betaine-homocysteine
ECTree
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Source Tissue
Source Tissue on EC 2.1.1.5 - betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
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BHMT expression is observed in the amygdala of basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex where BHMT levels are clearly elevated during torpor
BHMT expression is observed in the amygdala of basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex where BHMT levels are clearly elevated during torpor
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low BHMT activity is detected in the G30 fetus, and slightly increased levels of activity are observed in the liver from G45 and G90 fetuses
hyperosmolarity (405 mosmol/l) suppresses Bhmt mRNA expression whereas hypoosmotic (205 mosmol/l) conditions induce Bhmt mRNA expression. Like hyperosmotic NaCl, hyperosmotic raffinose but not hyperosmotic urea suppresses Bhmt mRNA expression. Osmosensitivity of Bhmt mRNA expression is impaired by inhibitors of tyrosine kinases and cyclic nucleotide-dependent kinases
additional information
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high sodium chloride intake decreases betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase expression
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transcripts are expressed at significant levels in the liver and kidney from day 45 of gestation onward
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represents 0.5-10% of the total protein, presence of BHMT can be related to its role in betaine removal when osmotic stress disappears, a key process, since osmotic swelling is a major factor in the development of some types of cataracts
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compared with the prepartum level, overall BHMT expression and enzyme activity increases 0.7-fold and 1.7-fold, respectively, soon after parturition. There is no overall effect of methionine or choline supplementation for BHMT expression or BHMT enzyme activity
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reduced BHMT activity in cirrhotic livers may explain the elevated plasma homocysteine levels in cirrhosis
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BHMT mRNA and activity increases about 2fold in diabetic rats compared with the nondiabetic animals
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high sodium chloride intake decreases betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase expression
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transcripts are expressed at significant levels in the liver and kidney from day 45 of gestation onward
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high sodium chloride intake has no effect on betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase expression
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no activity in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes and cultured human skin fibroblasts
additional information
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no expression of BHMT2 protein is detected in liver or kidney although BHMT2 mRNA expression is observed