2.1.1.256: tRNA (guanine6-N2)-methyltransferase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about tRNA (guanine6-N2)-methyltransferase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.1.1.256
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2.1.1.256
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nucleosides
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n2-methylguanosine
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pyrococcus
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thermophilus
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thermus
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methyltransferases
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thump
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furiosus
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rossmann-fold
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guanosine
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trnaphe
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trna-modifying
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mtases
- 2.1.1.256
- nucleosides
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n2-methylguanosine
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pyrococcus
- thermophilus
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thermus
- methyltransferases
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thump
- furiosus
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rossmann-fold
- guanosine
- trnaphe
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trna-modifying
- mtases
Reaction
Synonyms
G6 MTase, m2G6 methyltransferase, m2G6 tRNA methylase, methyltransferase Trm14, PF1002, PfTrm14, Trm14, TrmN, tRNA (m2G6) methyltransferase, tRNA m2G6 methyltransferase, tRNA m2G6 MTase, tRNA:m2G6 methyltransferase, TTC1157, TTCTrmN
ECTree
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General Information
General Information on EC 2.1.1.256 - tRNA (guanine6-N2)-methyltransferase
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evolution
malfunction
physiological function
RNA MTases from the TrmN/Trm14 family are present in archaea, bacteria and eukaryota and all specifically modify tRNAPhe at guanosine 6 in the tRNA acceptor stem. RNA MTases can be classified into four superfamilies, overview
evolution
RNA MTases from the TrmN/Trm14 family are present in archaea, bacteria and eukaryota and all specifically modify tRNAPhe at guanosine 6 in the tRNA acceptor stem. RNA MTases can be classified into four superfamilies, overview
evolution
Trm14 is associated with cluster of orthologous groups, COG, 0116, and most closely resembles the m2G10 tRNA methylase Trm11. Phylogenetic analysis reveals a canonical archaeal/bacterial evolutionary separation with 20-30% sequence identities between the two branches, but it is likely that the detailed functions of COG 0116 enzymes differ between the archaeal and bacterial domains. Phylogenetic distribution of Trm14-like proteins, overview
evolution
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a distinct tRNA 2'-O-methyltransferase, which methylates the 2'-OH of ribose at position 6 in tRNA and does not differentiate between adenine and cytosine, may exist in Thermococcus and Pyrococcus genera. In terms of the other enzymes responsible for the observed 2'-O-methylations, Cm56 is a product of Trm56 (EC 2.1.1.206)
evolution
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Trm14 is associated with cluster of orthologous groups, COG, 0116, and most closely resembles the m2G10 tRNA methylase Trm11. Phylogenetic analysis reveals a canonical archaeal/bacterial evolutionary separation with 20-30% sequence identities between the two branches, but it is likely that the detailed functions of COG 0116 enzymes differ between the archaeal and bacterial domains. Phylogenetic distribution of Trm14-like proteins, overview
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inactivation of the trmN gene leads to a total absence of N2-methylguanine in tRNA but did not affect cell growth or the formation of other modified nucleosides in tRNA(Phe). Therefore, m2G6 does not appear to be involved in an essential function
malfunction
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the lack of 2-methylguanosine (m2G) at position 67 in the trm11 trm14 double disruptant strain suggests that this methylation is mediated by m2G6 methyltransferase Trm14
malfunction
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inactivation of the trmN gene leads to a total absence of N2-methylguanine in tRNA but did not affect cell growth or the formation of other modified nucleosides in tRNA(Phe). Therefore, m2G6 does not appear to be involved in an essential function
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tRNA m2G6 formation may play a role in stabilizing the structure of the RNA and function synergistically with these core-region modifications to stabilize the molecule against thermal stress. Also, Trm14-catalyzed m2G6 formation in tRNACys may play a role in modulating the aminoacylation efficiency of phosphoseryl-tRNA synthetase, i.e. SepRS. Control of SepRS (or CysRS) activity by SAM-dependent methylation of tRNACys might provide the methanogen cell with a regulatory mechanism by which protein synthesis rates can respond to environmental sulfur levels or to concentrations of sulfur metabolites
physiological function
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the trm14 gene is responsible for the m2G67 modification. The modification site (G67) forms a Watson-Crick base pair with C6 in tRNA. Archaeal Trm14 methylates G6 in tRNA and contains a THUMP domain, which often recognizes the CCA terminus in tRNA. But it has not been confirmed that Thermococcus kodakarensis Trm14 methylates G6 in tRNA like Methanocaldococcus jannaschii Trm14. Furthermore, the presence of m2G6 modification in Thermococcus kodakarensis tRNAs is not confirmed. In total, trm14 is responsible for m2G at positions 8, 54, 37, and 67, respectively, as determined by analysis of tRNATrp from gene disruptant strains
physiological function
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tRNA m2G6 formation may play a role in stabilizing the structure of the RNA and function synergistically with these core-region modifications to stabilize the molecule against thermal stress. Also, Trm14-catalyzed m2G6 formation in tRNACys may play a role in modulating the aminoacylation efficiency of phosphoseryl-tRNA synthetase, i.e. SepRS. Control of SepRS (or CysRS) activity by SAM-dependent methylation of tRNACys might provide the methanogen cell with a regulatory mechanism by which protein synthesis rates can respond to environmental sulfur levels or to concentrations of sulfur metabolites
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