about 60% of the activity in presence of FMN. FAD binds to the apo-form and the bound FAD is stably retained in the enzyme molecule without degradation to FMN. The isoalloxazine ring of FAD localizes at the same site and plays the same role as that of FMN in the enzyme
enzyme sequence consists of different sites such as FMN-dependent NADH-azoreductase site azoR, residues 2-204, flavodoxin-like fold, residues 2-205, NADPH-dependent FMN reductase, residues 2-205, cAMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site
a flavin-dependent azoreductase, FMN is anchored by a series of sequence-independent hydrogen bonds to a structural motif referred to as the FMN binding cradle. One molecule of flavin is bound within each active site and is required for activity
enzyme sequence consists of different sites such as FMN-dependent NADH-azoreductase site azoR, residues 2-204, flavodoxin-like fold, residues 2-205, NADPH-dependent FMN reductase, residues 2-205, cAMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site
enzyme sequence consists of different sites such as FMN-dependent NADH-azoreductase site azoR, residues 2-204, flavodoxin-like fold, residues 2-205, NADPH-dependent FMN reductase, residues 2-205, cAMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site
the flavin mononucleotide analogue roseoflavin mononucleotide binds to the AzoR apoenzyme with an even higher affinity compared to that of the natural cofactor FMN. Roseoflavin mononucleotide binding does not affect the overall topology of the enzyme and also does not interfere with dimerization of AzoR. The AzoR-roseoflavin mononucleotide holoenzyme complex shows 30% of AzoR-FMN activity in a standard assay
AzrS shows activity with both NADH and NADPH. The maximum relative activity of AzrS with 0.875 mM NADPH or NADH is 28.1% and 100%, respectively, indicating that AzrS shows a preference for NADH rather than NADPH
the enzyme can use both cofactors, NADH and NADPH, it shows a preference towards NADH for the azoreductase activity, but a preference towards NADPH for the nitroreductase activity
the enzyme can use both cofactors, NADH and NADPH, it shows a preference towards NADH for the azoreductase activity, but a preference towards NADPH for the nitroreductase activity