1.23.5.1: violaxanthin de-epoxidase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about violaxanthin de-epoxidase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.23.5.1

1.23.5.1

vertical

xanthophyll

zeaxanthin

thylakoids

photoelectron

de-epoxidation

photosystem

photoprotection

non-photochemical

adiabatic

antheraxanthin

photoinhibition

ccsdt

coupled-cluster

monogalactosyldiacylglycerol

barrier-free

photodetachment

lowest-energy

diadinoxanthin

pi-scei

transthylakoid

deepoxidase

Reaction

Synonyms

AhVDE, CsVDE, EC 1.10.99.3, lipocalin-like protein, NPQ1, VDE, Vio de-epoxidase, violaxanthin de-epoxidase, Vx de-epoxidase, ZmVDE1

ECTree

1 Oxidoreductases

1.23 Reducing C-O-C group as acceptor

1.23.5 With a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

1.23.5.1 violaxanthin de-epoxidase

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Results	in table
10	Activating Compound
40	AA Sequence
1	CAS Registry Number
15	Cloned(Commentary)
4	Cofactor
9	Expression
24	General Information
16	Inhibitors
13	KM Value [mM]
44	Localization
3	Metals/Ions
6	Molecular Weight [Da]
43	Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
56	Organism
5	Pathway
8	pH Optimum
2	pH Range
2	pH Stability
8	pI Value
1	Posttranslational Modification
75	Protein Variants
10	Purification (Commentary)
5	Reaction
56	Reference
2	Renatured (Commentary)
32	Source Tissue
3	Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
97	Substrates and Products (Substrate)
7	Subunits
55	Synonyms
1	Systematic Name
3	Temperature Optimum [°C]
2	Temperature Stability [°C]

Systematic Name

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Systematic Name on EC 1.23.5.1 - violaxanthin de-epoxidase

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violaxanthin:ascorbate oxidoreductase

Along with EC 1.14.15.21, zeaxanthin epoxidase, this enzyme forms part of the xanthophyll (or violaxanthin) cycle for controlling the concentration of zeaxanthin in chloroplasts. It is activated by a low pH of the thylakoid lumen (produced by high light intensity). Zeaxanthin induces the dissipation of excitation energy in the chlorophyll of the light-harvesting protein complex of photosystem II. In higher plants the enzyme reacts with all-trans-diepoxides, such as violaxanthin, and all-trans-monoepoxides, but in the alga Mantoniella squamata, only the diepoxides are good substrates.