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1.21.4.4: betaine reductase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about betaine reductase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.21.4.4

Reaction

acetyl phosphate
+
trimethylamine
+
thioredoxin disulfide
+
H2O
=
betaine
+
phosphate
+
thioredoxin

Synonyms

reductase, betaine

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.21 Catalysing the reaction X-H + Y-H = X-Y
             1.21.4 With a disulfide as acceptor
                1.21.4.4 betaine reductase

Systematic Name

Systematic Name on EC 1.21.4.4 - betaine reductase

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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
acetyl-phosphate trimethylamine:thioredoxin disulfide oxidoreductase (N,N,N-trimethylglycine-forming)
The reaction is observed only in the direction of betaine reduction. The enzyme from Eubacterium acidaminophilum consists of subunits A, B and C. Subunit B contains selenocysteine and a pyruvoyl group, and is responsible for betaine binding and trimethylamine release. Subunit A, which also contains selenocysteine, is reduced by thioredoxin, and is needed to convert the carboxymethyl group into a ketene equivalent, in turn used by subunit C to produce acetyl phosphate. Only subunit B distinguishes this enzyme from EC 1.21.4.2 (glycine reductase) and EC 1.21.4.3 (sarcosine reductase).