1.2.1.75: malonyl-CoA reductase (malonate semialdehyde-forming)
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For detailed information about malonyl-CoA reductase (malonate semialdehyde-forming), go to the full flat file.
Reaction
Synonyms
bi-functional malonyl-CoA reductase, malonate semialdehyde reductase, malonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, malonyl CoA reductase (malonate semialdehyde-forming), malonyl-CoA reductase, MCR, More, MSAR
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General Information
General Information on EC 1.2.1.75 - malonyl-CoA reductase (malonate semialdehyde-forming)
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evolution
metabolism
physiological function
additional information
distribution of bifunctional MCR in bacteria and comparison with archaeal MCR and MSAR, overview
evolution
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distribution of bifunctional MCR in bacteria and comparison with archaeal MCR and MSAR, overview
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the enzyme participates in the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, an autotrophic CO2 fixation pathway found in some thermoacidophilic archaea
metabolism
3-hydroxypropionic acid (3HP) production via MCR dependent pathway, overview. The bifunctional enzyme shows malonate semialdehyde reduction activity, EC 1.1.1.298, and also malonyl-CoA reduction activity
metabolism
enzymes involved in archaeal and bacterial 3-HP pathway and their structures, overview
metabolism
the bifunctional enzyme from Chloroflexus aurantiacus synthesizes 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP) from acetate via malonyl-CoA in the malonyl-CoA reductase pathway, enzyme MCR shows malonyl-CoA reductase activity, EC 1.1.1.298, and converts malonyl-CoA to malonate semialdehyde and CoA using NADPH. The malonate semialdehyde is then reduced to 3-hydroxypropionic acid, overview
metabolism
the bifunctional enzyme from Chloroflexus aurantiacus synthesizes 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP) from malonyl-CoA via the malonyl-CoA reductase pathway, it shows malonyl-CoA reductase activity and converts malonyl-CoA to malonate semialdehyde and CoA using NADPH. The malonate semialdehyde is then reduced to 3-hydroxypropionic acid, EC 1.1.1.298, overview
metabolism
the bifunctional enzyme from Chloroflexus aurantiacus synthesizes 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP) from malonyl-CoA via the malonyl-CoA reductase pathway, it shows malonyl-CoA reductase activity and converts malonyl-CoA to malonate semialdehyde and CoA using NADPH. The malonate semialdehyde is then reduced to 3-hydroxypropionic acid, EC 1.1.1.298. 3HP can be produced from several intermediates, such as glycerol, malonyl-CoA, and beta-alanine. Among all these biosynthetic routes, the malonyl-CoA pathway has some distinct advantages, including a broad feedstock spectrum, thermodynamic feasibility, and redox neutrality. Comparison of the different metabolic routes for 3HP biosynthesis from glycerol or glucose, overview
metabolism
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enzymes involved in archaeal and bacterial 3-HP pathway and their structures, overview
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the N-terminal region of MCR (MCR-N, amino acids 1-549) and the C-terminal region of MCR (MCR-C, amino acids 550-1219) are functionally distinct. Malonyl-CoA is reduced into free intermediate malonate semialdehyde with NADPH by the MCR-C fragment, and further reduced to 3-hydroxypropionate by the MCR-N fragment, the initial reduction of malonyl-CoA being rate limiting. The TGXXXG(A)X(1-2)G and YXXXK motifs are important for enzyme activities of both MCR-N and MCR-C fragments, and the enzyme activity increases when MCR is separated into two individual fragments. The MCR-C fragment has higher affinity for malonyl-CoA and 4-times higher Kcat/Km value than MCR
physiological function
the bifunctional enzyme from Chloroflexus aurantiacus synthesizes 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP) from malonyl-CoA via the malonyl-CoA reductase pathway, it shows malonyl-CoA reductase activity and converts malonyl-CoA to malonate semialdehyde and CoA using NADPH. The malonate semialdehyde is then reduced to 3-hydroxypropionic acid, EC 1.1.1.298, overview
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Tyr191 is the catalytic residue, active site structure, substrate binding mode, overview. Structure comparison with the archaeal MCR from Sulfurisphaera tokodaii (StMCR)
additional information
Tyr191 is the catalytic residue, active site structure, substrate binding mode, overview. Structure comparison with the archaeal MCR from Sulfurisphaera tokodaii (StMCR)