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1.14.18.1: tyrosinase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about tyrosinase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.14.18.1

Reaction

2 L-dopa +

O2
= 2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O

Synonyms

AbPPO1, AbPPO4, AbTYR, aurone synthase, catalase-phenol oxidase, catechol oxidase, catecholase, CATPO, chlorogenic acid oxidase, chlorogenic oxidase, cresolase, cresolase/monophenolase, CsPPO, CZA14Tyr, deoxy-tyrosinase, dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine:oxygen oxidoreductase, Diphenol oxidase, diphenolase, dopa oxidase, EC 1.10.3.1, EC 1.14.17.2, Hc-derived phenoloxidase, Hc-phenoloxidase, HcPO, HdPO, hemocyanin-derived phenoloxidase, jrPPO1, jrTYR, L-DOPA monophenolase, L-DOPA oxidase, L-DOPA:oxygen oxidoreductase, L-tyrosine hydroxylase, MdPPO1, melC2, MelC2 tyrosinase, met-tyrosinase, monophenol dihydroxyphenylalanine:oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol monooxidase, monophenol monooxygenase, monophenol monoxygenase, monophenol oxidase, monophenol oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, 3,4-dihydroxy L-phenylalanine (L-DOPA):oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine:oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, dihydroxyphenylalanine:oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, L-Dopa: oxidoreductase, monophenol, L-DOPA: oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, o-diphenol: oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, o-diphenol:O2 oxidoreductase, monophenol, o-diphenol:oxygen oxido-reductase, monophenol, o-diphenol:oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, polyphenol oxidase, monophenol: dioxygen oxidoreductases, hydroxylating, monophenolase, monphenol mono-oxygenase, More, mTyr, murine tyrosinase, mushroom tyrosinase, mushroom tyrosine, N-acetyl-6-hydroxytryptophan oxidase, o-diphenol oxidase, o-diphenol oxidoreductase, o-diphenol oxygen oxidoreductase, o-diphenol: O2 oxidoreductase, o-diphenol: oxidoreductase, o-diphenol:O2 oxidoreductase, o-diphenol:oxygen oxidoreductase, o-diphenolase, OCA1, Orf13, oxygen oxidoreductase, phenol oxidase, phenol oxidases, phenolase, phenoloxidase, PO, polyaromatic oxidase, polyphenol oxidase, polyphenol oxidase 3, polyphenol oxidase 4, polyphenol oxidase B, polyphenolase, polyphenoloxidase, PotPPO, PPO, PPO 3, PPO B, PPO1, PPO2, PPO3, pro-PO III, prophenoloxidase III, pyrocatechol oxidase, SPRTyr, ST94, ST94t, tryosinase, tryrosinase, TY, tyr, TYR1, TYR2, tyrA, TyrBm, tyrosinase, tyrosinase 2, tyrosinase 4, tyrosinase diphenolase, tyrosine-dopa oxidase

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
             1.14.18 With another compound as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
                1.14.18.1 tyrosinase

Purification

Purification on EC 1.14.18.1 - tyrosinase

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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
2 probably identical isozymes, ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose, CM-sephadex, Bio-gel P300
-
a 2fold purification in monophenolase and diphenolase activities is achieved by ammonium sulfate fractionation
-
acetone precipitation, Sepharose 4B-L-tyrosine-p-amino benzoic acid affinity column chromatography
-
affinity chromatography, Sephadex G-200
-
alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta tyrosinase, ammonium sulfate, hydroxylapatite
-
ammonium sulfat, Phenyl Sepharose, DEAE-Sepharose
-
ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sepharose column chromatography and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration
-
ammonium sulfate fractionation, diethylaminoethyl cellulose column chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration
-
ammonium sulfate precipitation
-
ammonium sulfate precipitation and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration
ammonium sulfate precipitation and Sepharose 4B-L-tyrosine-p-amino benzoic acid affinity column chromatography
-
ammonium sulfate precipitation, phenyl Sepharose column chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and hydroxyapatite column chromatography
-
ammonium sulfate, Celite chromatography, DEAE-Sepharose
-
ammonium sulfate, CM-cellulose, Sephadex G-100
-
ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose, partially purified
ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose, QAE-Sephadex A-50, Toyopearl HW-55
-
ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G 100
-
ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G150, trypsin digestion, Sephadex G-150, DEAE-cellulose, partial purification
-
ammonium sulfate, DEAE-Sephadex, Sephadex G-20, DEAE-Sephadex
-
ammonium sulfate, DEAE-Sepharose, Phenyl-Sepharose, hydroxyapatite
-
ammonium sulfate, Phenyl Sepharose
-
ammonium sulfate, S-300 chromatography, preparative PAGE
-
ammonium sulfate, Sephacryl HR S200, DEAE-mensep 1000
-
ammonium sulfate, Sephadex G-100, celite
-
ammonium sulfate, Sephadex G-100, DEAE cellulose, partially purified
-
ammonium sulfate, Sephadex G-200
-
ammonium sulfate, Sephadex G-75, DEAE-cellulose
-
ammonium sulfatem CM-cellulose, DEAE-Sephadex, hydroxylapatite
-
anion-exchange column chromatography and gel filtration
-
by Duckworth and Coleman's procedure, but with two additional chromatographic steps
-
by ion exchange chromatography at pH 8.5 with a linear NaCl gradient
-
cell harvesting by centrifugation, washing in ice-cold 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7, producing cell-free extract with BugBuster reagent
-
combination of anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and gel slicing
-
DEAE Sepharose column chromatography and Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration
-
DEAE-cellulose column chromatography
DEAE-Sephacel, Mono Q
-
DEAE-Sepharose, Phenyl Sepharose, enzyme form A and B
-
enzyme is extracted into 100 ml phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 6.0) and crudely purified from fresh mushrooms (50 g) and then adsorbed onto celite (2 g) and dried in a vacuum oven
-
extracellur enzyme, partial
-
extracted and purified through (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography
-
extracted and purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration, and affinity chromatography
-
high-mobility tyrosinase form, ammonium sulfate, hydroxyapatite, gel filtration, low-mobility tyrosinase form, DEAE-Sephadex, partial purification
-
HiPrep 16/60 Q XL column chromatography and Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration
-
HisTrap column chromatography, gel filtration
-
hydroxylapatite, Sephadex G-200
-
isoenzyme I, hydroxylapatite, DEAE-Cellulose, Sephadex G-100, isoenzyme III, hydroxylapatite, Sephadex G-100
-
isoenzymes 1 and 2, ammonium sulfate, phenyl-Sepharose, DEAE-cellulose, hydroxylapatite, isoenzyme 3, partially purified
-
isoenzymes A and B, ammonium sulfate, CM-cellulose, Sephacryl S-200
-
native active enzyme partially, 19.4fold from cephalothorax, by ammonium sulfate fractionation and acetone precipitation
-
native enzyme 11.4fold by cation exchange chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration
-
native enzyme 11.84fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, dialysis, and separation by additin of 20% (w/v) PEG 8000 solution, followed by anion exchange chromatography
-
native enzyme 13.0fold by cation exchange chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration
-
native enzyme 16.36fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, dialysis, gel filtration, and anion exchange chromatography
-
native enzyme 17.8fold by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, dialysis, and ion exchange chromatography
-
native enzyme 32.81fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and anion exchange chromatography
-
native enzyme 4.5fold by cation exchange chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration
-
native enzyme 5.16fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, dialysis, and separation by additin of 20% (w/v) PEG 8000 solution, followed by anion exchange chromatography
-
native enzyme 6.8fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation and anion exchange chromatography
native enzyme 7.2fold by cation exchange chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration
-
native enzyme from flower buds 20.27fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, dialysis, and anion exchange chromatography
-
native enzyme from fruit 216fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, dialysis, anion exchange chromatography, followed by gel filtration, to homogeneity
-
native enzyme from leaves by aqueous two-phase extraction method followed by cation exchange chromatography, ultrafiltration, and anion exchange chromatography, isolation of two forms of isozyme PPO1
native enzyme from leaves by ultrafiltration, gel filtration, and twofold anion exchange chromatography
native enzyme from seed by ammonium sulfate fractionation and affinity chromatography
native enzyme to homogeneity from yellow snapdragon flower buds
native enzyme, purification procedure is based on freezing precipitation, and a sixfold, partial purification factor is obtained
-
native tyrosinase from hemolymph to homogeneity by anion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography
-
Ni-NTA agarose column chromatography
Ni2+ Sepharose FF column and further purified by gel filtration on a Sephacryl-S 100 HR gel filtration column
Ni2+-bound affinity column chromatography and AEC-HPLC column chromatography
-
Ni2+-bound affinity column chromatography, gel filtration
-
optimization of enzyme extraction from roots, best using 0.2 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.0 with 5% insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.25% Triton X-100, overview
-
partial purification
-
partial purification by G25 Sephadex gel filtration
partial purification of PPO from dormant saffron corms is carried out by ammonium sulfate fractionation (between 30 and 80% ammonium sulfate) followed by dialysis against phosphate buffer 0.1 M, pH 7.00, 0.02% PMSF, then chromatography through CM-Sephadex C-25 equilibrated with the same buffer
-
partial purification of tyrosinase
partial purification, the membrane-bound PPO is extracted by solubilization with the detergent Triton X-114 followed by temperature-induced phase separation
-
partially purified
-
partially purified by ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) precipitation and dialysis
-
partially purified from dill by (NH4)2SO4 percipititation followed by dialysis and gel filtration chromatography
-
partially purified in a sequential two-phase system based on Triton X-114 and PEG-8000/phosphate, followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation
-
Phenyl Sepharose
-
preparative PAGE
-
proenzyme, ammonim sulfate, DEAE-cellulose, Cu2+-Sepharose, Sephacryl S-200
-
protamine sulfate, ammonium sulfate, Superdex 75, DEAE-Sephacel, superdex 75, Q-Sepharose, isoenzymes A1-A3 and B1-B3
-
proteinase K digest, DEAE-52 cellulose, 4 isozymes
-
purification by PEG-8000/phosphate phase partitioning and ammonium sulfate fractionation using tert-butylcathechol (TBC) and dopamine
-
purified with ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion exchange chromatography on a DEAE Sepharose column, obtaining a yield of 33% and a 5.3fold enrichment
-
Pycnoporus sanguineus strain 614.73
-
Q-Sepharose column chromatography, Ni-Sepharose column chromatography, and S-200 gel filtration
-
recombinant enzyme
-
recombinant GST-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli by glutathione affinity chromatography, followed by tag cleavage through specific protease HRV 3 C
recombinant GST-tagged wild-type and mutant enzymes from Escherichia coli strain BL21 by glutathione affinity chromatography, and by GST-tag cleavage through HRV3C protease, followed by another step of glutathione affinity chromatography
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli BL21 by nickel affinity chromatography
-
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Spdoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells by nickel affinity chromatography and gel filtration
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, DEAE-Sephacel, Ni2+-affinity column
-
recombinant His-tagged intra-melanosomal domain of wild-type tyrosinase and temperature-sensitive OCA1-related mutant R422Q from whole-insect Trichoplusia ni by nickel affinity chromatography, tag cleavage by TEV protease, dialysis, and two steps of gel filtration, 98.73% purity. The purified recombinant human tyrosinase is a soluble monomeric glycoprotein with an activity that mirrors the tyrosinase in vivo function
recombinant His-tagged intra-melanosomal domain wild-type and mutant variants OCA1A and OCA1B in Trichoplusia ni insect cells by nickel affinity chromatography, ultrafiltration, and gel filtration
recombinant refolded enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography
recombinant secreted enzyme 4.9fold from culture supernatant by gel filtration, cation exchange chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography to homogeneity
-
salting out and Sephadex G-75, DEAE-cellulose, DEAE-Sephadex A-25, hydroxylapatite
-
Sephacryl S-200, Sephadex G-75, DEAE-Sephacel, isoenzymes 1-3
-
Sepharose 4B-L-tyrosine-p-aminobenzoic acid affinity column chromatography, gel filtration
-
Sepharose 6B column chromatography
-
Sp-Sephadex, Sephadex G-100
-
Superdex S-200 filtration
Triton X-100, ammonium sulfate, partial purification
-
Triton X-100, butanol extraction, calcium phosphate gel
-
TX-114 extraction, partial purification
-
tyrosinase A and B
-
zonal centrifugation on a sucruse gradient in the presence of SDS
-