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1.14.14.17: squalene monooxygenase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about squalene monooxygenase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.14.14.17

Reaction

squalene
+
[reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
+
O2
=
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene
+
[oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
+
H2O

Synonyms

CYP17, cytochrome P450 17alpha hydroxylase/17,20 lyase, EC 1.14.13.132, EC 1.14.99.7, Erg1, Erg1 protein, Erg1p, hydroxylase, squalene, oxygenase, squalene mono-, PgSQE1, PgSQE2, SE, SE1, SE3, SQE, SQE-I, SQE-II, sqe1, SQE3, SQLE, squalen expoxidase, squalene 2,3-epoxidase, squalene 2,3-oxidocyclase, squalene epoxidase, squalene epoxidase 1, squalene epoxidase 3, squalene hydroxylase, squalene mono-oxygenase, squalene oxydocyclase, squalene-2,3-epoxidase, squalene-2,3-epoxide cyclase, TkSQE1, TkSQE2, TkSQE3, TkSQE4

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
             1.14.14 With reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
                1.14.14.17 squalene monooxygenase

Reference

Reference on EC 1.14.14.17 - squalene monooxygenase

Please use the Reference Search for a specific query.
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Tai, H.H.; Bloch, K.
Squalene epoxidase of rat liver
J. Biol. Chem.
247
3767-3773
1972
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Van Tamelen, E.E.; Heys, J.R.
Enzymic epoxidation of squalene variants
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
97
1252-1253
1975
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ferguson, J.B.; Bloch, K.
Purification and properties of a soluble protein activator of rat liver squalene epoxidase
J. Biol. Chem.
252
5381-5385
1977
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ono, T.; Bloch, K.
Solubilization and partial characterization of rat liver squalene epoxidase
J. Biol. Chem.
250
1571-1579
1975
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ono, T.; Takahashi, K.; Odani, S.; Konno, H.; Imai, Y.
Purification of squalene epoxidase from rat liver microsomes
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
96
522-528
1980
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Astruc, M.; Tabacik, C.; Descomps, B.; Crastes de Paulet, A.
Squalene epoxidase and oxidosqualene lanosterol-cyclase activities in cholesterogenic and non-cholesterogenic tissues
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
487
204-211
1977
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Jordan, D.B.
Squalene oxidase: the elusive flavoenzyme of sterol biosynthesis
Flavins and Flavoproteins (Proc. Int. Symp. , 10th, Meeting Date 1990, Curti, B. , Ronchi S. , Zanetti, G. , eds. ) de Gruyter, Berlin, New York
865-868
1991
Rattus norvegicus
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ono, T.; Nakazono, K.; Kosaka, H.
Purification and partial characterization of squalene epoxidase from rat liver microsomes
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
709
84-90
1982
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ono, T.; Imai, Y.
Squalene epoxidase from rat liver microsomes
Methods Enzymol.
110
375-380
1985
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
M'Baya, B.; Karst, F.
In vitro assay of squalene epoxidase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
147
556-564
1987
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ryder, N.S.; Dupont, M.C.
Inhibition of squalene epoxidase by allylamine antimycotic compounds. A comparative study of the fungal and mammalian enzymes
Biochem. J.
230
765-770
1985
Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ryder, N.S.; Dupont, M.C.
Properties of a particulate squalene epoxidase from Candida albicans
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
794
466-471
1984
Candida albicans
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lin, L.F.H.
Roles of phospholipid and detergent in soluble protein activation of squalene epoxidase
Biochemistry
19
5135-5140
1980
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Satoh, T.; Horie, M.; Watanabe, H.; Tsuchiya, Y.; Kamei, T.
Enzymic properties of squalene epoxidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Biol. Pharm. Bull.
16
349-352
1993
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Nagumo, A.; Kamei, T.; Sakakibara, J.; Ono, T.
Purification and characterization of recombinant squalene epoxidase
J. Lipid Res.
36
1489-1497
1995
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Favre, B.; Ryder, N.S.
Characterization of squalene epoxidase activity from the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum and its inhibition by terbinafine and other antimycotic agents
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
40
443-447
1996
Trichophyton rubrum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Laden, B.P.; Tang, Y.; Porter, T.D.
Cloning, heterologous expression, and enzymological characterization of human squalene monooxygenase
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
374
381-388
2000
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Abe, I.; Kashiwagi, Y.; Noguchi, H.
Inhibition of vertebrate squalene epoxidase by isoprenyl gallates and phenylalkyl gallates
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
10
2525-2528
2000
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Abe, I.; Seki, T.; Umehara, K.; Miyase, T.; Noguchi, H.; Sakakibara, J.; Ono, T.
Green tea polyphenols: novel and potent inhibitors of squalene epoxidase
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
268
767-771
2000
Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Abe, I.; Seki, T.; Noguchi, H.; Kashiwada, Y.
Galloyl esters from rhubarb are potent inhibitors of squalene epoxidase, a key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis
Planta Med.
66
753-756
2000
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sawada, M.; Matsuo, M.; Hagihara, H.; Tenda, N.; Nagayoshi, A.; Okumura, H.; Washizuka, K.; Seki, J.; Goto, T.
Effect of FR194738, a potent inhibitor of squalene epoxidase, on cholesterol metabolism in HepG2 cells
Eur. J. Pharmacol.
431
11-16
2001
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Laden, B.P.; Porter, T.D.
Inhibition of human squalene monooxygenase by tellurium compounds: evidence of interaction with vicinal sulfhydryls
J. Lipid Res.
42
235-240
2001
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gupta, N.; Porter, T.D.
Inhibition of human squalene monooxygenase by selenium compounds
J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol.
16
18-23
2002
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wentzinger, L.F.; Bach, T.J.; Hartmann, M.A.
Inhibition of squalene synthase and squalene epoxidase in tobacco cells triggers an up-regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
Plant Physiol.
130
334-346
2002
Nicotiana tabacum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Osborne, C.S.; Leitner, I.; Favre, B.; Ryder, N.S.
Amino acid substitution in Trichophyton rubrum squalene epoxidase associated with resistance to terbinafine
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
49
2840-2844
2005
Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lee, H.K.; Zheng, Y.F.; Xiao, X.Y.; Bai, M.; Sakakibara, J.; Ono, T.; Prestwich, G.D.
Photoaffinity labeling identifies the substrate-binding site of mammalian squalene epoxidase
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
315
1-9
2004
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Pasrija, R.; Krishnamurthy, S.; Prasad, T.; Ernst, J.F.; Prasad, R.
Squalene epoxidase encoded by ERG1 affects morphogenesis and drug susceptibilities of Candida albicans
J. Antimicrob. Chemother.
55
905-913
2005
Candida albicans
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Liu, Y.; Yao, Z.X.; Papadopoulos, V.
Cytochrome P450 17alpha hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17) function in cholesterol biosynthesis: identification of squalene monooxygenase (epoxidase) activity associated with CYP17 in Leydig cells
Mol. Endocrinol.
19
1918-1931
2005
Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Musso, D.L.; Clarke, M.J.; Kelley, J.L.; Boswell, G.E.; Chen, G.
Novel 3-phenylprop-2-ynylamines as inhibitors of mammalian squalene epoxidase
Org. Biomol. Chem.
1
498-506
2003
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ruckenstuhl, C.; Lang, S.; Poschenel, A.; Eidenberger, A.; Baral, P.K.; Kohut, P.; Hapala, I.; Gruber, K.; Turnowsky, F.
Characterization of squalene epoxidase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by applying terbinafine-sensitive variants
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
51
275-284
2007
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Nakano, C.; Motegi, A.; Sato, T.; Onodera, M.; Hoshino, T.
Sterol biosynthesis by a prokaryote: first in vitro identification of the genes encoding squalene epoxidase and lanosterol synthase from Methylococcus capsulatus
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
71
2543-2550
2007
Methylococcus capsulatus (Q603D5), Methylococcus capsulatus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ruckenstuhl, C.; Poschenel, A.; Possert, R.; Baral, P.K.; Gruber, K.; Turnowsky, F.
Structure-function correlations of two highly conserved motifs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae squalene epoxidase
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
52
1496-1499
2008
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Li, L.; Porter, T.D.
Hepatic cytochrome P450 reductase-null mice reveal a second microsomal reductase for squalene monooxygenase
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
461
76-84
2007
Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Abe, I.; Abe, T.; Lou, W.; Masuoka, T.; Noguchi, H.
Site-directed mutagenesis of conserved aromatic residues in rat squalene epoxidase
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
352
259-263
2007
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Godio, R.P.; Fouces, R.; Martin, J.F.
A squalene epoxidase is involved in biosynthesis of both the antitumor compound clavaric acid and sterols in the basidiomycete H. sublateritium
Chem. Biol.
14
1334-1346
2007
Hypholoma sublateritium
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
He, F.; Zhu, Y.; He, M.; Zhang, Y.
Molecular cloning and characterization of the gene encoding squalene epoxidase in Panax notoginseng
DNA Seq.
19
270-273
2008
Panax notoginseng (Q1PID4), Panax notoginseng
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Motavaze, K.; Namvar, Z.; Emami, M.; Noorbakhsh, F.; Rezaie, S.
Molecular characterization of a Squalene epoxidase gene in dermatophyte pathogen Trichophyton tonsurans
Iran. Biomed. J.
12
55-58
2008
Trichophyton tonsurans
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Rasbery, J.M.; Shan, H.; LeClair, R.J.; Norman, M.; Matsuda, S.P.; Bartel, B.
Arabidopsis thaliana squalene epoxidase 1 is essential for root and seed development
J. Biol. Chem.
282
17002-17013
2007
Arabidopsis thaliana (O65403), Arabidopsis thaliana (O81000), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8VYH2), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9SM02), Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Uchida, H.; Sugiyama, R.; Nakayachi, O.; Takemura, M.; Ohyama, K.
Expression of the gene for sterol-biosynthesis enzyme squalene epoxidase in parenchyma cells of the oil plant, Euphorbia tirucalli
Planta
226
1109-1115
2007
Euphorbia tirucalli (A7VJN1), Euphorbia tirucalli
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Hu, F.; Zhong, J.
Jasmonic acid mediates gene transcription of ginsenoside biosynthesis in cell cultures of Panax notoginseng treated with chemically synthesized 2-hydroxyethyl jasmonate
Process Biochem.
43
113-118
2008
Panax notoginseng
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gerpe, A.; Alvarez, G.; Benitez, D.; Boiani, L.; Quiroga, M.; Hernandez, P.; Sortino, M.; Zacchino, S.; Gonzalez, M.; Cerecetto, H.
5-Nitrofuranes and 5-nitrothiophenes with anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity and ability to accumulate squalene
Bioorg. Med. Chem.
17
7500-7509
2009
Trypanosoma cruzi
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Helms, M.W.; Kemming, D.; Pospisil, H.; Vogt, U.; Buerger, H.; Korsching, E.; Liedtke, C.; Schlotter, C.M.; Wang, A.; Chan, S.Y.; Brandt, B.H.
Squalene epoxidase, located on chromosome 8q24.1, is upregulated in 8q+ breast cancer and indicates poor clinical outcome in stage I and II disease
Br. J. Cancer
99
774-780
2008
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Seiki, S.; Frishman, W.H.
Pharmacologic inhibition of squalene synthase and other downstream enzymes of the cholesterol synthesis pathway: a new therapeutic approach to treatment of hypercholesterolemia
Cardiol. Rev.
17
70-76
2009
Canis lupus familiaris, Homo sapiens, Nicotiana sp.
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Han, J.Y.; In, J.G.; Kwon, Y.S.; Choi, Y.E.
Regulation of ginsenoside and phytosterol biosynthesis by RNA interferences of squalene epoxidase gene in Panax ginseng
Phytochemistry
71
36-46
2009
Panax ginseng, Panax ginseng (B7TWW5), Panax ginseng (Q75W20)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Pose, D.; Castanedo, I.; Borsani, O.; Nieto, B.; Rosado, A.; Taconnat, L.; Ferrer, A.; Dolan, L.; Valpuesta, V.; Botella, M.A.
Identification of the Arabidopsis dry2/sqe1-5 mutant reveals a central role for sterols in drought tolerance and regulation of reactive oxygen species
Plant J.
59
63-76
2009
Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Nowosielski, M.; Hoffmann, M.; Wyrwicz, L.S.; Stepniak, P.; Plewczynski, D.M.; Lazniewski, M.; Ginalski, K.; Rychlewski, L.
Detailed mechanism of squalene epoxidase inhibition by terbinafine
J. Chem. Inf. Model.
51
455-462
2011
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kim, Y.S.; Cho, J.H.; Park, S.; Han, J.Y.; Back, K.; Choi, Y.E.
Gene regulation patterns in triterpene biosynthetic pathway driven by overexpression of squalene synthase and methyl jasmonate elicitation in Bupleurum falcatum
Planta
233
343-355
2011
Bupleurum falcatum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Garaiova, M.; Zambojova, V.; Simova, Z.; Griac, P.; Hapala, I.
Squalene epoxidase as a target for manipulation of squalene levels in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
FEMS Yeast Res.
14
310-323
2014
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Stevenson, J.; Luu, W.; Kristiana, I.; Brown, A.J.
Squalene mono-oxygenase, a key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, is stabilized by unsaturated fatty acids
Biochem. J.
461
435-442
2014
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Howe, V.; Chua, N.K.; Stevenson, J.; Brown, A.J.
The regulatory domain of squalene monooxygenase contains a re-entrant loop and senses cholesterol via a conformational change
J. Biol. Chem.
290
27533-27544
2015
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Drozdikova, E.; Garaiova, M.; Csaky, Z.; Obernauerova, M.; Hapala, I.
Production of squalene by lactose-fermenting yeast Kluyveromyces lactis with reduced squalene epoxidase activity
Lett. Appl. Microbiol.
61
77-84
2015
Kluyveromyces lactis
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Laranjeira, S.; Amorim-Silva, V.; Esteban, A.; Arro, M.; Ferrer, A.; Tavares, R.M.; Botella, M.A.; Rosado, A.; Azevedo, H.
Arabidopsis squalene epoxidase 3 (SQE3) complements SQE1 and is important for embryo development and bulk squalene epoxidase activity
Mol. Plant
8
1090-1102
2015
Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chugh, A.; Ray, A.; Gupta, J.B.
Squalene epoxidase as hypocholesterolemic drug target revisited
Prog. Lipid Res.
42
37-50
2003
Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sui, Z.; Zhou, J.; Cheng, Z.; Lu, P.
Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) promotes the growth and migration of the hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Tumour Biol.
36
6173-6179
2015
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zare, B.; Sepehrizadeh, Z.; Faramarzi, M.; Soltany-Rezaee-Rad, M.; Rezaie, S.; Shahverdi, A.
Antifungal activity of biogenic tellurium nanoparticles against Candida albicans and its effects on squalene monooxygenase gene expression
Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem.
61
395-400
2014
Candida albicans, Candida albicans ATCC14053
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhang, D.H.; Jiang, L.X.; Li, N.; Yu, X.; Zhao, P.; Li, T.; Xu, J.W.
Overexpression of the squalene epoxidase gene alone and in combination with the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A gene increases ganoderic acid production in Ganoderma lingzhi
J. Agric. Food Chem.
65
4683-4690
2017
Ganoderma lucidum (A0A1Y0JYI5)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chua, N.K.; Howe, V.; Jatana, N.; Thukral, L.; Brown, A.J.
A conserved degron containing an amphipathic helix regulates the cholesterol-mediated turnover of human squalene monooxygenase, a rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis
J. Biol. Chem.
292
19959-19973
2017
Homo sapiens (Q9UNR6), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ma, C.; Jiang, N.; Deng, M.; Chen, J.; Yang, S.; Long, G.; Zhang, G.
Cloning and characterization of three squalene epoxidase genes in Panax vietnamensis var. fuscidicus, a rare medicinal plant with high content of ocotillol-type ginsenosides
Pak. J. Bot.
48
2453-2465
2016
Panax vietnamensis var. fuscidiscus (A0A076VA95), Panax vietnamensis var. fuscidiscus (A0A076VCG0)
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Guo, H.; Li, R.; Liu, S.; Zhao, N.; Han, S.; Lu, M.; Liu, X.; Xia, X.
Molecular characterization, expression, and regulation of Gynostemma pentaphyllum squalene epoxidase gene 1
Plant Physiol. Biochem.
109
230-239
2016
Gynostemma pentaphyllum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Uchida, H.; Sumimoto, K.; Ferriols, V.M.; Imou, K.; Saga, K.; Furuhashi, K.; Matsunaga, S.; Okada, S.
Isolation and characterization of two squalene epoxidase genes from Botryococcus braunii, race B
PLoS ONE
10
e0122649
2015
Botryococcus braunii (A0A0E4B8N8), Botryococcus braunii (A0A0E4FJ73), Botryococcus braunii
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhang, M.; Wang, S.; Yin, J.; Li, C.; Zhan, Y.; Xiao, J.; Liang, T.; Li, X.
Molecular cloning and promoter analysis of squalene synthase and squalene epoxidase genes from Betula platyphylla
Protoplasma
253
1347-1363
2016
Betula platyphylla (A0A0K0VH94), Betula platyphylla
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Brown, D.N.; Caffa, I.; Cirmena, G.; Piras, D.; Garuti, A.; Gallo, M.; Alberti, S.; Nencioni, A.; Ballestrero, A.; Zoppoli, G.
Squalene epoxidase is a bona fide oncogene by amplification with clinical relevance in breast cancer
Sci. Rep.
6
19435
2016
Homo sapiens (Q9UNR6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ha, J.; Kwon, S.; Hwang, J.H.; Park, D.H.; Kim, T.W.; Kang, D.G.; Yu, G.E.; Park, H.C.; An, S.M.; Kim, C.W.
Squalene epoxidase plays a critical role in determining pig meat quality by regulating adipogenesis, myogenesis, and ROS scavengers
Sci. Rep.
7
16740
2017
Sus scrofa (A7L861), Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhang, H.Y.; Li, H.M.; Yu, Z.; Yu, X.Y.; Guo, K.
Expression and significance of squalene epoxidase in squamous lung cancerous tissues and pericarcinoma tissues
Thorac. Cancer
5
275-280
2014
Homo sapiens (Q9UNR6), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Unland, K.; Puetter, K.M.; Vorwerk, K.; van Deenen, N.; Twyman, R.M.; Pruefer, D.; Schulze Gronover, C.
Functional characterization of squalene synthase and squalene epoxidase in Taraxacum koksaghyz
Plant Direct
2
e00063
2018
Taraxacum kok-saghyz (A0A3G1SVN6), Taraxacum kok-saghyz (A0A3G1SVN9), Taraxacum kok-saghyz (A0A3G1SVP8), Taraxacum kok-saghyz (A0A3G1SVQ2)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team