1.1.1.195: cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 1.1.1.195
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1.1.1.195
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lignin
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lignification
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monolignols
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phenylpropanoids
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sinapyl
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xylem
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coniferyl
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ammonia-lyase
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cinnamoyl-coa
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caffeic
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coniferaldehyde
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guaiacyl
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sinapaldehyde
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eucalyptus
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cinnamoyl
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hydroxycinnamyl
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linum
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taeda
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p-coumaryl
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cinnamaldehydes
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syringyl
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loblolly
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biofuel production
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nutrition
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industry
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biotechnology
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4-coumarate-coa
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4.3.1.5
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synthesis
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thioacidolysis
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4-coumarate
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3-o-methyltransferase
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podophyllotoxin
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agriculture
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gunnii
- 1.1.1.195
- lignin
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lignification
- monolignols
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phenylpropanoids
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sinapyl
- xylem
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coniferyl
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ammonia-lyase
- cinnamoyl-coa
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caffeic
- coniferaldehyde
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guaiacyl
- sinapaldehyde
- eucalyptus
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cinnamoyl
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hydroxycinnamyl
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linum
- taeda
-
p-coumaryl
- cinnamaldehydes
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syringyl
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loblolly
- biofuel production
- nutrition
- industry
- biotechnology
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4-coumarate-coa
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4.3.1.5
- synthesis
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thioacidolysis
- 4-coumarate
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3-o-methyltransferase
- podophyllotoxin
- agriculture
- gunnii
Reaction
Synonyms
ADH, AdhA, alcohol dehydrogenase, AtCAD4, BdCAD1, Bmr6, Bradi3g06480, brown midrib6, Brown-midrib 1 protein, CAD, CAD 7/8, CAD1, CAD10, CAD11, CAD12, CAD13, CAD14, CAD15, CAD2, CAD3, CAD4, CAD5, CAD6, CAD7, CAD8, CAD9, CADH I, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 1, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 12, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 2, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 3, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 4, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 5, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 7, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 9, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase C, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases, CtCAD1, CtCAD2, CtCAD3, dehydrogenase, cinnamyl alcohol, FC1, FLEXIBLE CULM1, HcCAD1, HcCAD2, LlCAD2, LtuCAD1, More, Mt-CAD1, Mt-CAD2, PhCAD1, PhCAD2, PhCAD3, PhCAD4, PtoCAD1, PtoCAD12, PtoCAD2, PtoCAD3, PtoCAD5, PtoCAD6, PtoCAD7, PtoCAD8, PtoCAD9, ScAdh6p, TaCAD12
ECTree
1.1.1.195 cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenaseAdvanced search results
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results (Application
Application on EC 1.1.1.195 - cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase
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APPLICATION 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
agriculture
biofuel production
downregulation of (hydroxy)cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) genes is another promising strategy to increase cell wall digestibility for biofuel production
biotechnology
the spruce CAD promoter represents a valuable tool for research and biotechnology applications related to xylem and wood
industry
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cofactor recycling catalytic system reveals both 100% selectivity and aldehyde conversion within 3 h by usage of ADH, which provides an inexpensive overall process
nutrition
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Increased bamboo shoot firmness during cold storage is positively correlated with higher lignin and cellulose accumulation, and this accumulation of lignin in flesh tissue is also positively correlated with the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and peroxidase. Ethylene treatment is associated with higher disease incidence, chilling injury index, electrical conductivity, respiration and ethylene production, enhanced lignin and cellulose accumulation and accelerates the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and peroxidase. In contrast, 1-methylcyclopropene treatment is associated with lower respiration, ethylene production, chilling injury index and electrical conductivity, reduced lignin and cellulose accumulation and retards the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and peroxidase. 1-Methylcyclopropene may be used commercially to control disorders in bamboo shoot during cold storage
synthesis
additional information
agriculture
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gene GH2 can be useful in engineering of rice, to optimize the important crop plant
agriculture
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treament of leaves with cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor [[(2-hydroxyphenyl) amino]sulphinyl] acetic acid, 1.1 dimethyl ester has no effect on resistance against Puccinia hordei infection
agriculture
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treament of leaves with cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor [[(2-hydroxyphenyl) amino]sulphinyl] acetic acid, 1.1 dimethyl ester results in reduced penetration resistance against Puccinia hordei infection
agriculture
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putative single nucleotide polymorphisms can be developed as single nucleotide polymorphisms markers for quantitative trait loci detection in Acacia hybrid mapping populations after validation using segregation analysis. Selecting favourable alleles from progenies which produce desirable lignin profiles will be advantageous in tree breeding programmes for plantation establishment
agriculture
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putative single nucleotide polymorphisms can be developed as single nucleotide polymorphisms markers for quantitative trait loci detection in Acacia hybrid mapping populations after validation using segregation analysis. Selecting favourable alleles from progenies which produce desirable lignin profiles will be advantageous in tree breeding programmes for plantation establishment
agriculture
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cultivar My5514 is resistant to Sporisorium scitamineum, whereas B42231 is susceptible to the pathogen. Inoculation of sugarcane stems elicits lignification and produces significant increases of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Production of lignin increases about 29% in the resistant cultivar and only 13% in the susceptible cultivar after inoculation
agriculture
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cultivar My5514 is resistant to Sporisorium scitamineum, whereas B42231 is susceptible to the pathogen. Inoculation of sugarcane stems elicits lignification and produces significant increases of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Production of lignin increases about 29% in the resistant cultivar and only 13% in the susceptible cultivar after inoculation. The resistance of My5514 to Sporisorium scitamineum is likely derived, at least in part, to a marked increase of lignin concentration by the activation of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase
agriculture
maize brown midrib mutant plants, bm1, have reduced lignin content and offer significant advantages when used in silage and biofuel applications. Allele bm1-das1 contains an insertion, which results in a truncated protein of 48amino acids. The levels of cad2 mRNA in the midribs of bm1-das1 are reduced by 91%, leading to reductions in total lignin contents by 24%
agriculture
maize brown midrib mutant plants, bm1, have reduced lignin content and offer significant advantages when used in silage and biofuel applications. Allele bm1-ref contains a two-nucleotide insertion in the 3rd exon, which results in a truncated protein of 147 amino acids. The levels of cad2 mRNA in the midribs of bm1-ref are reduced by 86%, leading to reductions in total lignin contents by 30%
agriculture
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cultivar My5514 is resistant to Sporisorium scitamineum, whereas B42231 is susceptible to the pathogen. Inoculation of sugarcane stems elicits lignification and produces significant increases of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Production of lignin increases about 29% in the resistant cultivar and only 13% in the susceptible cultivar after inoculation
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agriculture
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cultivar My5514 is resistant to Sporisorium scitamineum, whereas B42231 is susceptible to the pathogen. Inoculation of sugarcane stems elicits lignification and produces significant increases of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Production of lignin increases about 29% in the resistant cultivar and only 13% in the susceptible cultivar after inoculation. The resistance of My5514 to Sporisorium scitamineum is likely derived, at least in part, to a marked increase of lignin concentration by the activation of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase
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agriculture
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cultivar My5514 is resistant to Sporisorium scitamineum, whereas B42231 is susceptible to the pathogen. Inoculation of sugarcane stems elicits lignification and produces significant increases of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Production of lignin increases about 29% in the resistant cultivar and only 13% in the susceptible cultivar after inoculation
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agriculture
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cultivar My5514 is resistant to Sporisorium scitamineum, whereas B42231 is susceptible to the pathogen. Inoculation of sugarcane stems elicits lignification and produces significant increases of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Production of lignin increases about 29% in the resistant cultivar and only 13% in the susceptible cultivar after inoculation. The resistance of My5514 to Sporisorium scitamineum is likely derived, at least in part, to a marked increase of lignin concentration by the activation of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase
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synthesis
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synthesis of cinnamyl alcohol from cinnamaldehyde using the isolated enzyme or by expression of enzyme in Escherichia coli. The reduction of cinnamaldehyde by the isolated enzyme occurrs in 3 h at 50°C with 97% conversion, and yields high purity cinnamyl alcohol with a yield of 88% and a productivity of 50 g/g enzyme. The reduction of 12.5 g/l cinnamaldehyde by whole cells in 6 h, at 37 °C and no requirement of external cofactor occurrs with 97% conversion, 82% yield of 98% pure alcohol and a productivity of 34 mg/g wet cell weight
synthesis
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potential exploitation of rationally engineered forms of CAD2 for the targeted modification of monolignol composition in transgenic plants
additional information
CAD is a useful tool to improve lignin digestibility and/or to lower the lignin levels in plants. Enzyme knockout modification targeted directly to block lignin synthesis causes not only reduced lignin level in fibre, but also affects amount and organization of cellulose and pectin. The process of retting in the transgenic straw is more uniform, which might contribute to an improvement in the fibre quality. Such plants can be successfully cultivated in a field
additional information
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CAD is a useful tool to improve lignin digestibility and/or to lower the lignin levels in plants. Enzyme knockout modification targeted directly to block lignin synthesis causes not only reduced lignin level in fibre, but also affects amount and organization of cellulose and pectin. The process of retting in the transgenic straw is more uniform, which might contribute to an improvement in the fibre quality. Such plants can be successfully cultivated in a field
additional information
-
CAD is a useful tool to improve lignin digestibility and/or to lower the lignin levels in plants. Enzyme knockout modification targeted directly to block lignin synthesis causes not only reduced lignin level in fibre, but also affects amount and organization of cellulose and pectin. The process of retting in the transgenic straw is more uniform, which might contribute to an improvement in the fibre quality. Such plants can be successfully cultivated in a field
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